Lourdes apparitions

The Lourdes apparitions are several Marian apparitions reported in 1858 by Bernadette Soubirous, the 14-year-old daughter of a miller, in the town of Lourdes in Southern France.

From 11 February to 16 July 1858, she reported 18 apparitions of "a Lady". Soubirous described the lady as wearing a white veil and a blue girdle; she had a golden rose on each foot and held a rosary of pearls. After initial skepticism from the local clergy, these claims were eventually declared to be worthy of belief by the Catholic Church after a canonical investigation. The apparition is known as Our Lady of Lourdes.

According to Soubirous, her visions occurred at the grotto of Massabielle, just outside Lourdes. On 16 July 1858, Soubirous visited the grotto for the last time and said: "I have never seen her so beautiful before."^[2]^{[page needed]} On 18 January 1862, the local bishop declared: "The Virgin Mary did appear indeed to Bernadette Soubirous."^[3] Soubirous was canonized a saint in 1933 by Pope Pius XI. In 1958, Pope Pius XII issued the encyclical Le pèlerinage de Lourdes ("The pilgrimage to Lourdes") on the 100th anniversary of the apparitions. Pope John Paul II visited Lourdes three times; Pope Benedict XVI visited Lourdes on 15 September 2008 to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the apparitions.

^ "Virgilio Tojetti - Adoration of the Virgin Mary in the Grotto at Massabielle near Lourdes - Dorotheum". www.dorotheum.com. 2014-04-08. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
^ Laurentin 1988.
^ Laurentin 1988, p. 162.

[1] "Virgilio Tojetti - Adoration of the Virgin Mary in the Grotto at Massabielle near Lourdes - Dorotheum". www.dorotheum.com. 2014-04-08. Retrieved 2022-07-12.

[FOOTNOTELaurentin1988-2] Laurentin 1988.

[FOOTNOTELaurentin1988162-3] Laurentin 1988, p. 162.

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