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| Lower Rhine (Niederrhein) | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Lower Rhine at Düsseldorf | |
 Lower Rhine | |
| Location | |
| Country | Germany |
| States | North Rhine-Westphalia |
| Districts | Bonn, Cologne, Duisburg, Düsseldorf, Kleve, Krefeld, Leverkusen, Mettmann, Rhein-Erft, Rhein-Kreis Neuss, Rhein-Lahn, Rhein-Sieg, Wesel |
| Country | The Netherlands |
| Provinces | Gelderland, South Holland, Utrecht |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Between Bad Godesberg and Bonn-Oberkassel, continuation of the Middle Rhine |
| • coordinates | 50°42′20″N 7°9′46.2″E / 50.70556°N 7.162833°E |
| • elevation | 61 m |
| Mouth | |
• location | Hook of Holland, North Sea |
• coordinates | 51°58′53.3″N 4°4′50.99″E / 51.981472°N 4.0808306°E |
• elevation | 0 m |
| Length | 373 km (232 mi), 205.5 km (127.7 mi) without the Nederrijn |
| Basin features | |
| Tributaries | |
| • left | Erft, Kalflack, Meuse |
| • right | Düssel, Emscher, Lippe, Ruhr, Sieg, Wupper |
Lower Rhine (German: Niederrhein, pronounced [ˈniːdɐˌʁaɪn] ; kilometres[a] 660 to 1,033 of the River Rhine)[2] refers to the section of the Rhine between Bonn in Germany and the North Sea at Hook of Holland in the Netherlands, including the Nederrijn (English: Nether Rhine) within the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta; alternatively, Lower Rhine may also refer to just the part upstream of Pannerdens Kop (km 660–865.5),[2] excluding the Nederrijn.[3][4]
It is the last of the four sections of the River Rhine between Lake Constance and the North Sea (the others being the High Rhine, Upper Rhine and Middle Rhine).
- ^ "Rheinkilometrierung [Rhine kilometrage]" (in German). Retrieved 22 June 2024.
- ^ a b "Leuchtfeuer am Niederrhein [Beacon on the Lower Rhine]" (in German). Retrieved 22 June 2024.
- ^ "Lower Rhine". www.iksr.org. Retrieved 22 April 2023.
- ^ Gerlach, Renate; Meurers-Balke, Jutta; Kalis, Arie J. (2022). "The Lower Rhine (Germany) in Late Antiquity: a time of dissolving structures". Netherlands Journal of Geosciences. 101: e14. doi:10.1017/njg.2022.11. ISSN 0016-7746.
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