Lushan Huiyuan

Lushan Huiyuan (simplified Chinese: 庐山慧远; traditional Chinese: 廬山慧遠; pinyin: Lúshān Huìyuǎn; Wade–Giles: Lushan Hui-yüan; 334–416 AD), meaning "Huiyuan of Mount Lu", was a Chinese Buddhist teacher who founded Donglin Temple at the foot of Mount Lu in Jiujiang province and wrote the text On Why Monks Do Not Bow Down Before Kings in 404 AD. He was born in Shanxi province but moved to Jiujiang, where he died in 416. Although he was born in the north, he moved south to live within the bounds of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Huiyuan was posthumously named First Patriarch of the Pure Land School of Buddhism, and founder of the White Lotus Society, an early Buddhist community devoted to Amitabha Buddha. His disciples included Huiguan (慧觀), Sengji (僧濟), and Faan (法安).