Back Magahi Afrikaans मगही भाषा ANP لغة ماجادهي Arabic মগহী ভাষা Assamese Idioma magahi AST मगही भाषा AWA ماقهی دیلی AZB मगही Bihari মাগধী ভাষা Bengali/Bangla Magadeg Breton
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2019) |
| Magahi | |
|---|---|
| Magadhi | |
| |
 The word "Magahi" written in Devanagari script | |
| Native to | India and Nepal |
| Region | Magadha (southern Bihar, northern Jharkhand, and northwestern West Bengal),[1][2][3] Terai region of Eastern Nepal |
| Ethnicity | Magahi |
Native speakers | 12.7 million (2011 census)[4][5] (additional speakers counted under Hindi) |
Early forms | Magadhi Prakrit
|
| Dialects |
|
| Devanagari (official) Kaithi (formerly) | |
| Official status | |
Recognised minority language in | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-2 | mag |
| ISO 639-3 | mag |
| Glottolog | maga1260 |
 Magahi speaking region | |
Magahi (𑂧𑂏𑂯𑂲), also known as Magadhi (𑂧𑂏𑂡𑂲), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal states of eastern India,[7][8] and in the Terai region of Nepal.[9] Magadhi Prakrit was the ancestor of Magahi, from which the latter's name derives.[10]
It has a very rich and old tradition of folk songs and stories. It is spoken in approximately twelve districts of Bihar (Gaya, Nalnda, Patna, Jehanabad, Aurangabad, Nalanda, Sheikhpura, Nawada, Lakhisarai, Arwal, Jamui and in some parts of Banka), twelve districts of Jharkhand (Hazaribag, Palamu, Chatra, Koderma, Jamtara, Bokaro, Dhanbad, Giridih, Deoghar, Garhwa, Latehar, Chatra) and in West Bengal's Malda district.[11]
Magahi derived from the ancient Magadhi Prakrit, which was created in the ancient kingdom of Magadha, the core of which was the area south of the Ganges and east of Son River.
Though the number of speakers in Magahi is about 12.7 million, it has not been constitutionally recognised in India. In Bihar, Hindi is the language used for educational and official matters.[12] Magahi was legally absorbed under Hindi in the 1961 Census.[13][14]
- ^ Grierson, G.A. (1927). "Magahi or Magadhi". Internet Archive.
- ^ "Magahi". Omniglot.
- ^ Atreya, Lata. "Magahi and Magadh: Language and the People" (PDF). Global Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences.
- ^ "Magahi". ethnologue.
- ^ "Abstract of Speakers' Strength of Languages and Mother Tongues - 2011" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. 2011. p. 6. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
- ^ "झारखंड : रघुवर कैबिनेट से मगही, भोजपुरी, मैथिली व अंगिका को द्वितीय भाषा का दर्जा". Prabhat Khabar (in Hindi). 21 March 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2018.
- ^ Prasad, Saryoo (2008). Magahī Phonology: A Descriptive Study. Concept Publishing Company. p. 6. ISBN 9788180695254. Retrieved 4 November 2018.
- ^ Brass, Paul R. (2005). Language, Religion and Politics in North India. iUniverse. p. 93. ISBN 9780595343942. Retrieved 4 November 2018.
- ^ Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2021). "Magahi". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (Twenty-fourth ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 2 January 2025.
- ^ "How a Bihari lost his mother tongue to Hindi". 22 September 2017.
- ^ Frawley, William (May 2003). International Encyclopedia of Linguistics: 4-Volume Set. Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 9780195139778. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
- ^ "History of Indian Languages". Diehardindian.com. Archived from the original on 26 February 2012. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
- ^ Verma, Mahandra K. (2001). "Language Endangerment and Indian languages : An exploration and a critique". Linguistic Structure and Language Dynamics in South Asia. ISBN 9788120817654.
- ^ Verma, Sheela (2008). Magahi Folklore and Folk Tales. Manohar. p. 31. ISBN 9788173048043.
Aryani (1965), on the basis of several data, estimated the number of Magahi speakers at approximately 9,900,000 for 1951. Surprisingly enough, the 1971 census figures show only 6,638,495 speakers for Magahi. This discrepancy can be understood in the context of the socio-linguistic phenomenon of educated urban speakers naming their language of schooling, Hindi, as their mother-tongue. Obviously, the number of Magahi speakers did not really decline between 1951 and 1971 but was simply swallowed up by the census figures for Hindi.
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