Magnesium oxide

Magnesium oxide
Names
	IUPAC name Magnesium oxide
	Other names Magnesia; Periclase;
Identifiers
CAS Number	1309-48-4 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200572 ;
ChemSpider	14108;
ECHA InfoCard	100.013.793
EC Number	215-171-9;
E number	E530 (acidity regulators, ...)
KEGG	D01167;
PubChem CID	14792;
RTECS number	OM3850000;
UNII	3A3U0GI71G ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9049665 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Mg.O Key: CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	SMILES O=[Mg];
Properties
Chemical formula	MgO
Molar mass	40.304 g/mol
Appearance	White powder
Odor	Odorless
Density	3.6 g/cm3
Melting point	2,852 °C (5,166 °F; 3,125 K)
Boiling point	3,600 °C (6,510 °F; 3,870 K)
Solubility	Soluble in acid, ammonia ; insoluble in alcohol
Electrical resistivity	Dielectric
Band gap	7.8 eV
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−10.2·10−6 cm3/mol
Thermal conductivity	45–60 W·m−1·K−1
Refractive index (nD)	1.7355
Dipole moment	6.2 ± 0.6 D
Structure
Crystal structure	Halite (cubic), cF8
Space group	Fm3m, No. 225
Lattice constant	a = 4.212Å
Coordination geometry	Octahedral (Mg2+); octahedral (O2−)
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	37.2 J/mol K
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	26.95 ± 0.15 J·mol−1·K−1
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−601.6 ± 0.3 kJ·mol−1
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)	-569.3 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code	A02AA02 (WHO) A06AD02 (WHO), A12CC10 (WHO)
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Metal fume fever, Irritant
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H315, H319, H335
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P271, P273, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 15 mg/m3 (fume)
REL (Recommended)	None designated
IDLH (Immediate danger)	750 mg/m3 (fume)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0504
Related compounds
Other anions	Magnesium sulfide; Magnesium selenide
Other cations	Beryllium oxide; Calcium oxide; Strontium oxide; Barium oxide
Related compounds	Magnesium hydroxide; Magnesium nitride
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Magnesium oxide (Mg O), or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium (see also oxide). It has an empirical formula of MgO and consists of a lattice of Mg²⁺ ions and O²⁻ ions held together by ionic bonding. Magnesium hydroxide forms in the presence of water (MgO + H₂O → Mg(OH)₂), but it can be reversed by heating it to remove moisture.

Magnesium oxide was historically known as magnesia alba (literally, the white mineral from Magnesia), to differentiate it from magnesia nigra, a black mineral containing what is now known as manganese.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.74. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.
^ Taurian, O.E.; Springborg, M.; Christensen, N.E. (1985). "Self-consistent electronic structures of MgO and SrO" (PDF). Solid State Communications. 55 (4): 351–5. Bibcode:1985SSCom..55..351T. doi:10.1016/0038-1098(85)90622-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2012-03-27.
^ Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.133. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.
^ Application of magnesium compounds to insulating heat-conductive fillers Archived 2013-12-30 at the Wayback Machine. konoshima.co.jp
^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 5.15. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.
^ ^a ^b Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 5.2. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.
^ ^a ^b ^c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0374". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

[b92-1] Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.74. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.

[2] Taurian, O.E.; Springborg, M.; Christensen, N.E. (1985). "Self-consistent electronic structures of MgO and SrO" (PDF). Solid State Communications. 55 (4): 351–5. Bibcode:1985SSCom..55..351T. doi:10.1016/0038-1098(85)90622-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2012-03-27.

[3] Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.133. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.

[4] Application of magnesium compounds to insulating heat-conductive fillers Archived 2013-12-30 at the Wayback Machine. konoshima.co.jp

[:0-5] Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[:1-6] Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[:2-7] Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[b92c-9] Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 5.15. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.

[b92b-10] Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 5.2. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.

[PGCH-11] NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0374". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

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Names


IUPAC name Magnesium oxide
Other names Magnesia Periclase
Identifiers
CAS Number	1309-48-4^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200572^Y
ChemSpider	14108
ECHA InfoCard	100.013.793
EC Number	215-171-9
E number	E530 (acidity regulators, ...)
KEGG	D01167
PubChem CID	14792
RTECS number	OM3850000
UNII	3A3U0GI71G^Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9049665
InChI InChI=1S/Mg.O Key: CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES O=[Mg]
Properties
Chemical formula	MgO
Molar mass	40.304 g/mol^[1]
Appearance	White powder
Odor	Odorless
Density	3.6 g/cm³^[1]
Melting point	2,852 °C (5,166 °F; 3,125 K)^[1]
Boiling point	3,600 °C (6,510 °F; 3,870 K)^[1]
Solubility	Soluble in acid, ammonia insoluble in alcohol
Electrical resistivity	Dielectric^[a]
Band gap	7.8 eV^[2]
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−10.2·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol^[3]
Thermal conductivity	45–60 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹^[4]
Refractive index (n_D)	1.7355
Dipole moment	6.2 ± 0.6 D
Structure
Crystal structure	Halite (cubic), cF8
Space group	Fm3m, No. 225
Lattice constant	a = 4.212Å
Coordination geometry	Octahedral (Mg²⁺); octahedral (O²⁻)
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	37.2 J/mol K^[8]
Std molar entropy (S^⦵₂₉₈)	26.95 ± 0.15 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹^[9]
Std enthalpy of formation (Δ_fH^⦵₂₉₈)	−601.6 ± 0.3 kJ·mol⁻¹^[9]
Gibbs free energy (Δ_fG^⦵)	-569.3 kJ/mol^[8]
Pharmacology
ATC code	A02AA02 (WHO) A06AD02 (WHO), A12CC10 (WHO)
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Metal fume fever, Irritant
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H315, H319, H335
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P271, P273, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 15 mg/m³ (fume)^[10]
REL (Recommended)	None designated^[10]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	750 mg/m³ (fume)^[10]
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0504
Related compounds
Other anions	Magnesium sulfide Magnesium selenide
Other cations	Beryllium oxide Calcium oxide Strontium oxide Barium oxide
Related compounds	Magnesium hydroxide Magnesium nitride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is ^YN ?) Infobox references