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Mai Kadra massacre

Mai Kadra massacre
Part of Tigray War
Funeral service for the massacre in Mai Kadra
Mai Kadra is located in Tigray Region
Mai Kadra
Mai Kadra
Mai Kadra is located in Ethiopia
Mai Kadra
Mai Kadra
Location of Mai Kadra in Tigray and Ethiopia
LocationMai Kadra, Tigray Region, Ethiopia
Date9–10 November 2020 (3 years ago)
TargetLocals and migrant workers (mostly Amhara per OHCHR, Amnesty, EHRCO and Agence France-Presse;[1][2][3][4]
mostly Amhara per EHRC;[5]
Tigrayans per Associated Press, Agence France-Presse, Financial Times) [6][7][8])
Attack type
Mass killing, ethnic cleansing
Deaths600 to 1,100 (varying estimates)
Perpetrators

The Mai Kadra massacre was a massacre and ethnic cleansing carried out during the Tigray War on 9–10 November 2020 in the town of Mai Kadra in Welkait (a disputed area between the Amhara and Tigray Regions) in northwestern Ethiopia, near the Sudanese border.[11] Responsibility was attributed to a pro-TPLF youth group and forces loyal to the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) in the EHRC-OHCHR Tigray Investigation, preliminary investigations by Amnesty International, the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission (EHRC) and the Ethiopian Human Rights Council (EHRCO), and interviews conducted in Mai Kadra by Agence France-Presse.[1][2][3][5][12] The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) and EHRC reported that at least 5 Tigrayans were killed in Mai Kadra by Amhara militas such as Fano in retaliation.[1] Tigrayan refugees in Sudan told multiple news outlets that Tigrayans in Mai Kadra were targeted by either Amhara militias,[8][10] the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF),[7] or both.[6]

The killings took place amidst an armed conflict between the TPLF-led regional government and the federal government. The killings began before the ENDF troops entered the town.[2][5] The victims have been described as civilians, many of whom were day laborers hailing from neighboring Amhara Region.[2][5]

The total death toll remains unclear, but according to Amnesty International, "likely hundreds" were killed.[13] Two videos, which were analyzed by Amnesty International to prove that the massacre had taken place, show dozens of corpses with injuries caused by bladed weapons, like machetes. According to the EHRC, which described the massacre as a "widespread and systematic attack directed against a civilian population" at least 600 people were killed; EHRCO counted 1100 deaths. Most of the victims were Amhara according to Amnesty International, OHCHR, EHRC, and EHRCO investigations, but there were Tigrayan victims as well.[2][3][8][14]

  1. ^ a b c d e UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (3 November 2021). "Report of the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission (EHRC)/Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) Joint Investigation into Alleged Violations of International Human Rights, Humanitarian and Refugee Law Committed by all Parties to the Conflict in the Tigray Region of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia". Retrieved 31 October 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g "Ethiopia: Investigation reveals evidence that scores of civilians were killed in massacre in Tigray state". Amnesty International. 12 November 2020. Archived from the original on 21 November 2020. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d "EHRCO Preliminary Investigation Report on Major Human Rights Violations in and around Maikadra" (PDF). Ethiopian Human Rights Council. 25 December 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 December 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
  4. ^ "Questions linger among the corpses of an Ethiopian massacre". France 24. 25 November 2020. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "Rapid Investigation into Grave Human Rights Violation Maikadra - Preliminary Findings". Ethiopian Human Rights Commission. 24 November 2020.
  6. ^ a b c d Abuelgasim, Fay; el-Mofty, Nariman; Anna, Cara (12 December 2020). "Shadowy Ethiopian massacre could be tip of the iceberg". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 12 December 2020. Retrieved 12 December 2020. It's possible that civilians from both ethnicities were targeted in Mai-Kadra, Amnesty now says.
  7. ^ a b c "Escape from massacre: Ethiopians recall Tigray conflict horror". Agence France-Presse (AFP). 17 November 2020. Archived from the original on 3 January 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  8. ^ a b c d e Schipani, Andres (4 December 2020). "Refugees flee Ethiopia's brutal war with tales of atrocities on both sides". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
  9. ^ "Questions linger among the corpses of an Ethiopian massacre". France 24. 25 November 2020. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  10. ^ a b Steers, Julia (24 December 2020). "'He's Planning to Exterminate Us All': Ethiopians Speak of Ethnic Massacres". Vice. Archived from the original on 25 December 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2020.
  11. ^ "Ethiopia's Tigray crisis: 'Civilians massacred', says Amnesty International". BBC World News. Archived from the original on 19 November 2020. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  12. ^ "Questions linger among the corpses of an Ethiopian massacre". France 24. 25 November 2020. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  13. ^ Giulia, Paravicini (12 November 2020). "Ethiopia claims big advance in Tigray, Amnesty reports mass killing". Reuters. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  14. ^ "Maikadra massacre is a "crime of atrocity": Human Rights Commission". Addis Standard. 24 November 2020. Archived from the original on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 24 November 2020.

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