Malcolm X (1992 film)

Malcolm X
International theatrical release poster
Directed by	Spike Lee
Screenplay by	Arnold Perl Spike Lee
Based on	The Autobiography of Malcolm X by Malcolm X Alex Haley
Produced by	Marvin Worth Spike Lee
Starring	Denzel Washington Angela Bassett Albert Hall Al Freeman Jr. Delroy Lindo Spike Lee
Cinematography	Ernest Dickerson
Edited by	Barry Alexander Brown
Music by	Terence Blanchard
Production company	40 Acres and a Mule Filmworks
Distributed by	Warner Bros. (United States) Largo International (International)
Release date	November 18, 1992 (1992-11-18)
Running time	202 minutes[1]
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$35 million[2]
Box office	$73 million

Malcolm X (sometimes stylized as X) is a 1992 American epic biographical drama film about the African-American activist Malcolm X. Directed and co-written by Spike Lee, the film stars Denzel Washington in the title role, as well as Angela Bassett, Albert Hall, Al Freeman Jr., and Delroy Lindo. Lee has a supporting role, while Black Panther Party co-founder Bobby Seale, the Rev. Al Sharpton, and future South African president Nelson Mandela make cameo appearances. It is the second of four film collaborations between Washington and Lee.

Malcolm X's screenplay, co-credited to Lee and Arnold Perl, is based largely on Alex Haley's 1965 book, The Autobiography of Malcolm X. Haley collaborated with Malcolm X on the book beginning in 1963 and completed it after Malcolm X's death. The film dramatizes key events in Malcolm X's life: his criminal career, his incarceration, his conversion to Islam, his ministry as a member of the Nation of Islam and his later falling out with the organization, his marriage to Betty X, his pilgrimage to Mecca and reevaluation of his views concerning whites, and his assassination on February 21, 1965. Defining childhood incidents, including his father's death, his mother's mental illness, and his experiences with racism are dramatized in flashbacks.

Malcolm X was distributed by Warner Bros. and released in the United States on November 18, 1992. The same year, Denzel Washington won the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor for his performance. At the 65th Academy Awards, the movie was nominated for two Oscars including the Academy Award for Best Actor for Washington and Best Costume Design for Ruth E. Carter. In 2010, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".^[3][4]