Maltenglish

Maltenglish
Maltenglish
Manglish, Minglish, Maltese English, Pepè
Region	Malta
Language family	mixed Maltese–English
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–

Maltenglish, also known as Manglish, Minglish, Maltese English, Pepè or Maltingliż refers to the phenomenon of code-switching between Maltese, a Semitic language derived from late medieval Sicilian Arabic with Romance superstrata, and English, an Indo-European Germanic language with Romance superstrata.

Both Maltese and English are official languages in Malta, and about 88% of the Maltese people can speak English as a second language. Various Maltese social groups switch back and forth between the two languages, or macaronically mix lexical aspects of Maltese and English while engaging in informal conversation or writing.^[1]

The term Maltenglish is first recorded in 2007. Other colloquial portmanteau words include (chronologically): Minglish (2006), Malglish (2016), and Manglish (2016).^[2]

Maltenglish can also refer to English loanwords in the Maltese language.^[3]

^ Lasagabaster, David; Huguet, Angel, eds. (2007). Multilingualism in European Bilingual Contexts: Language Use and Attitudes. Multilingual Matters. p. 189. ISBN 9781853599293.
^ Lambert, James (2017). "A multitude of "lishes": The nomenclature of hybridity". English World-Wide. 38 (3). doi:10.1075/eww.38.3.04lam. ISSN 0172-8865.
^ Palma, Alfred (27 November 2011). "Growing list of Manglish monstrosities". Times of Malta. Retrieved 13 March 2015.

[1] Lasagabaster, David; Huguet, Angel, eds. (2007). Multilingualism in European Bilingual Contexts: Language Use and Attitudes. Multilingual Matters. p. 189. ISBN 9781853599293.

[2] Lambert, James (2017). "A multitude of "lishes": The nomenclature of hybridity". English World-Wide. 38 (3). doi:10.1075/eww.38.3.04lam. ISSN 0172-8865.

[3] Palma, Alfred (27 November 2011). "Growing list of Manglish monstrosities". Times of Malta. Retrieved 13 March 2015.

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