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| Manitoba Act, 1870 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Parliament of Canada | |
| |
| Citation | S.C. 1870, c. 3 |
| Passed | 1870 |
| Assented to | May 12, 1870 |
| Status: In force | |
The Manitoba Act, 1870 (French: Loi de 1870 sur le Manitoba)[1] is an act of the Parliament of Canada, and part of the Constitution of Canada,[2] that provided for the admission of Manitoba as the fifth province of Canada.[3][4]
Receiving royal assent on May 12, 1870, the act also continued to enforce An Act for the Temporary Government of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territories when united with Canada[4] upon the absorption of the British territories of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory into Canada on July 15, 1870.
Hoping to decrease tension, the act marked the legal resolution of the fight for self-determination between the federal government and the people (particularly the Métis) of the Red River Colony, which began in 1870 with Canada's purchase of Rupert's Land.[3]
Many negotiations and uprisings came with this act, some of which are still not settled today. One area of contention was that the Métis people were not familiar with the enforcement of laws, and the concept of deeds and money - this resulted in many Métis people being cheated out of the land that was supposed to be theirs. While the act included protections for the region's Métis, these protections were not fully realized and resulted in many Métis leaving the province for the North-West Territories.[3]
- ^ Originally entitled (until renamed in 1982) An Act to amend and continue the Act 32 and 33 Victoria, chapter 3; and to establish and provide for the Government of the Province of Manitoba.
- ^ Constitution Act, 1871, 34–35 Vict., c. 28 (U.K.), ss. 5–6. See also Sections 52–53 of and Item 2 of the Schedule to The Constitution Act, 1982, being Schedule B to the Canada Act 1982 (U.K.), 1982, c. 11.
- ^ a b c Rea, J.E., Jeff Scott, and Andrew McIntosh. February 7, 2006. "Manitoba Act." Canadian Encyclopedia (last updated January 7, 2021).
- ^ a b An Act for the Temporary Government of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territories when united with Canada, S.C. 1869, c. 3
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