Meitei | |
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Manipuri | |
ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ • মৈতৈলোন • Meiteilon | |
![]() Meitei Lon written in Meitei script | |
Native to | Manipur, Assam and Tripura |
Region | Northeast India and Neighbouring areas of Bangladesh and Myanmar |
Ethnicity | Meitei people |
Total speakers | L1 & L2 combined: 3 million[1] L1 only: 1.8 million (2003–2011)[2] |
Early forms | |
Dialects |
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| |
Official status | |
Official language in | |
Recognised minority language in | |
Regulated by | Directorate of Language Planning and Implementation, Manipur |
Development body | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-2 | mni |
ISO 639-3 | Either:mni – Manipuriomp – Old Manipuri |
Glottolog | mani1292 Manipurimeit1246 Meitei (standard dialect)loii1241 Loi (Chakpa dialect)pang1284 Pangal (Muslim dialect) |
![]() Regions where Meitei is official and educational language
Regions where Meitei is recognised and educational language but not official
Regions where Meitei is not recognised and not official but educational
Regions where Meitei is recognised but not official and educational
Regions with significant Meitei speaking minorities | |
Meitei (ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ, Eastern Nagari script: মৈতৈলোন্, [mejtejlon] (IPA), romanized: meiteilon) ,[4] also known as Manipuri (ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ, Eastern Nagari script: মণিপুরী, [mɐnipuɾi] (IPA)), is a Tibeto-Burman language of northeast India. It is the official language and the lingua franca of Manipur and one of the official languages of Assam. It is one of the constitutionally scheduled official languages of the Indian Republic.[5] Meitei is the most widely-spoken Tibeto-Burman language of India and third most widely spoken language of northeast India after Assamese and Bengali.[6] There are 1.76 million Meitei native speakers in India according to the 2011 census. Most of these, or 1.52 million, are found in the state of Manipur, where they represent majority of its population. There are smaller communities in neighbouring Indian states, such as Assam (168,000), Tripura (24,000), Nagaland (9,500), and elsewhere in the country (37,500). The language is also spoken by smaller groups in neighbouring Myanmar[7] and Bangladesh.[2]
Meitei and Gujarati, hold the third place among the fastest growing languages of India, following Hindi and Kashmiri.[8]
Meitei is not endangered: its status has been assessed as safe by Ethnologue (where it is assigned to EGIDS level 2 "provincial language"),[2] but is considered vulnerable by UNESCO.[9]
Manipuri language is associated with the Ningthouja dynasty (Mangangs), the Khuman dynasty, the Moirangs, the Angoms, the Luwangs, the Chengleis (Sarang-Leishangthems), Khaba-Nganbas, having their respective distinct dialects, and politically independent from one another. Later, all of them get under the dominion of the Ningthouja dynasty, changing their status of being independent "ethnicities" into those of "clans" of the collective Meitei community, with the predominance of the Ningthouja dialect,[10][11][12] receiving heavy influences from the speech forms of the other groups.[13][14][15]
Meitei is one of the advanced literary languages, recognised by Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters.
Britannica_Meitei_language
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