Merneptah

Merneptah
Merneptah
Merenptah
	Granodiorite bust of Merneptah, Egyptian Museum, Cairo
Pharaoh
Reign	1213–1203 BC (ten years)
Predecessor	Ramesses II
Successor	Seti II/Amenmesse
Horus name
Horus name
	Kanakht Haiemmaat
Nebty name
	Iribauertaentjemhu
Golden Horus
	Nebsenedjaashefit
Prenomen (Praenomen)
	Baenre Merynetjeru; The Soul of Ra, Beloved of the Gods
Nomen
	Merneptah Hotephermaat; Beloved of Ptah, Joyous is Truth
	;
Consort	Isetnofret II, Takhat?
Children	Seti II, Merenptah, Khaemwaset, Isetnofret
Father	Ramesses II
Mother	Isetnofret
Born	c. 1283 BC
Died	2 May 1203 BC (aged 80)
Burial	KV8; Mummy found in the KV35 royal cache (Theban Necropolis)
Dynasty	Nineteenth Dynasty

Merneptah (/ˈmɛrnɛptɑː, mərˈnɛptɑː/^[2]) or Merenptah (reigned July or August 1213 BC – 2 May 1203 BC) was the fourth pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt. He ruled Egypt for almost ten years, from late July or early August 1213 BC until his death on 2 May 1203 BC, according to contemporary historical records.^[3] He was the first royal-born pharaoh since Tutankhamun of the Eighteenth Dynasty.^[4]

Merneptah was the thirteenth son of Ramesses II,^[5] only coming to power because all of his older brothers had died, including his full brother Khaemwaset or Khaemwase.

By the time he ascended to the throne, he was around seventy years old. He is arguably best known for his victory stele, featuring the first known mention of the name Israel. His throne name was Ba-en-re Mery-netjeru, which means "The Soul of Ra, Beloved of the Gods".

^ "King Merenptah", Digital Egypt, University College London (2001). Accessed 2007-09-29.
^ "Merneptah". Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.
^ Jürgen von Beckerath, Chronologie des Pharaonischen Ägypten, Mainz, (1997), pp.190
^ Darnell, J. C., & Manassa, C. (2007). Tutankhamun's Armies: Battle and Conquest During Ancient Egypt's Late Eighteenth Dynasty. John Wiley & Sons.
^ Gae Callender, The Eye Of Horus: A History of Ancient Egypt, Longman Cheshire (1993), p.263

[1] "King Merenptah", Digital Egypt, University College London (2001). Accessed 2007-09-29.

[2] "Merneptah". Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.

[Mainz,_1997_pp.190-3] Jürgen von Beckerath, Chronologie des Pharaonischen Ägypten, Mainz, (1997), pp.190

[4] Darnell, J. C., & Manassa, C. (2007). Tutankhamun's Armies: Battle and Conquest During Ancient Egypt's Late Eighteenth Dynasty. John Wiley & Sons.

[:0-5] Gae Callender, The Eye Of Horus: A History of Ancient Egypt, Longman Cheshire (1993), p.263

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