Messier 52

Messier 52
Messier 52
	Open cluster Messier 52 in Cassiopeia
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Right ascension	23h 24m 48.0s
Declination	+61° 35′ 36″
Distance	4.6 kly (1.4 kpc)
Apparent magnitude (V)	7.3
Apparent dimensions (V)	13.0′
Physical characteristics
Mass	1,200 M☉ M☉
Radius	9.5 ly
Estimated age	158.5 Myr
Other designations	NGC 7654, Cr 455, C 2322+613, OCl 260
Associations
Constellation	Cassiopeia
	See also: Open cluster, List of open clusters

Messier 52 or M52, also known as NGC 7654 or the Scorpion Cluster, is an open cluster of stars in the highly northern constellation of Cassiopeia. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1774.^[3]^[a] It can be seen from Earth under a good night sky with binoculars. The brightness of the cluster is influenced by extinction, which is stronger in the southern half.^[6] Its metallicity is somewhat below that of the Sun, and is estimated to be [Fe/H] = −0.05 ± 0.01.^[7]

R. J. Trumpler classified the cluster appearance as II2r, indicating a rich cluster with little central concentration and a medium range in the brightness of the stars.^[8] This was later revised to I2r, denoting a dense core.^[6] The cluster has a core radius of 2.97 ± 0.46 ly (0.91 ± 0.14 pc) and a tidal radius of 42.7 ± 7.2 ly (13.1 ± 2.2 pc).^[4] It has an estimated age of 158.5 million years^[1] and a mass of 1,200 M_☉.^[4]

The magnitude 8.3 supergiant star BD +60°2532 is a probable member of the cluster,^[4] so too 18 candidate slowly pulsating B stars, one being a Delta (δ) Scuti variable, and three candidate Gamma Doradus (γ Dor) variables.^[9] There may also be three Be stars.^[10] The core of the cluster shows a lack of interstellar matter, which may be due to supernovae explosion(s) early in the cluster's history.^[6]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Cite error: The named reference Wu2009 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Messier 52". SEDS Messier Catalog. Archived from the original on 1 July 2022. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
^ ^a ^b ^c Cite error: The named reference Adam2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Cite error: The named reference Bonatto2006 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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^ ^a ^b ^c Cite error: The named reference Pandey2001 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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^ Cite error: The named reference Trumpler1930 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Luo2012 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Bond1973 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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[2] "Messier 52". SEDS Messier Catalog. Archived from the original on 1 July 2022. Retrieved 29 April 2022.

[Adam2018-3] Cite error: The named reference Adam2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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[Trumpler1930-9] Cite error: The named reference Trumpler1930 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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[Bond1973-11] Cite error: The named reference Bond1973 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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