Michaux-Perreaux steam velocipede

Michaux-Perreaux steam velocipede
Manufacturer	Pierre Michaux and Louis-Guillaume Perreaux
Production	1867–1871
Assembly	Paris, France
Class	Steam motorcycle
Engine	Single cylinder steam, 62 kg (137 lb)
Bore / stroke	22 mm × 80 mm (0.87 in × 3.15 in)
Top speed	9 mph (14 km/h); 19 mph (31 km/h)
Power	1–2 hp (0.75–1.49 kW)
Transmission	Twin leather belts
Frame type	Diamond section, iron down tube
Suspension	Rigid, leaf sprung saddle
Brakes	None
Tires	Iron covered wood spoked rims
Weight	87–88 kg (192–194 lb) (dry);

The Michaux-Perreaux steam velocipede was a steam powered velocipede made in France some time from 1867 to 1871, when a small Louis-Guillaume Perreaux commercial steam engine was attached to a Pierre Michaux manufactured iron framed pedal bicycle.^[1] It is one of three motorcycles claimed to be the first motorcycle, along with the Roper steam velocipede of 1867 or 1868, and the internal combustion engine Daimler Reitwagen of 1885.^[1]^[2]^[7]^[8] Perreaux continued development of his steam cycle, and exhibited a tricycle version by 1884.^[9] The only Michaux-Perreaux steam velocipede made, on loan from the Musée de l'Île-de-France, Sceaux, was the first machine viewers saw upon entering the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum rotunda in The Art of the Motorcycle exhibition in New York in 1998.^[4]^[10]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Falco, Charles M.; Guggenheim Museum Staff (1998), "Issues in the Evolution of the Motorcycle", in Krens, Thomas; Drutt, Matthew (eds.), The Art of the Motorcycle, Harry N. Abrams, pp. 24–31, 98–101, ISBN 0-89207-207-5
Michaux-Perreaux year 1868. Roper year 1869.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
^ ^a ^b Setright, L. J. K. (1979). The Guinness Book of Motorcycling Facts and Feats. Guinness Superlatives. pp. 8–18. ISBN 0-85112-200-0
Michaux-Perreaux year 1867{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
^ Cite error: The named reference Burgess-Wise1973 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Falco, Charles M. (July 2003), "The Art and Materials Science of 190-mph Superbikes" (PDF), MRS Bulletin, 28 (7), archived from the original (Adobe PDF) on 2007-03-06, retrieved 2011-01-29
Michaux-Perreaux year 1867–1871.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference Schafer1985 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b ^c Cite error: The named reference Brown2004 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Kresnak, Bill (2008), Motorcycling for Dummies, Hoboken, New Jersey: For Dummies, Wiley Publishing, p. 29, ISBN 0-470-24587-5
Roper year 1869.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
^ Kerr, Glynn (August 2008), "Design; The Conspiracy Theory", Motorcycle Consumer News, vol. 39, no. 8, Irvine, California, p. 36–37, ISSN 1073-9408
Roper year 1869.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
^ Knight, Edward Henry (1884), Knight's new mechanical dictionary: A description of tools, instruments, machines, processes, and engineering. With indexical references to technical journals (1876-1880.), Houghton, Mifflin and company, pp. 922–923, retrieved 2011-01-27
^ Vogel, Carol (3 August 1998), "Latest Biker Hangout? Guggenheim Ramp", The New York Times, p. A1, retrieved 21 December 2014

[Falco1999-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Falco, Charles M.; Guggenheim Museum Staff (1998), "Issues in the Evolution of the Motorcycle", in Krens, Thomas; Drutt, Matthew (eds.), The Art of the Motorcycle, Harry N. Abrams, pp. 24–31, 98–101, ISBN 0-89207-207-5
Michaux-Perreaux year 1868. Roper year 1869.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)

[Setright1979-2] Setright, L. J. K. (1979). The Guinness Book of Motorcycling Facts and Feats. Guinness Superlatives. pp. 8–18. ISBN 0-85112-200-0
Michaux-Perreaux year 1867{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)

[Burgess-Wise1973-3] Cite error: The named reference Burgess-Wise1973 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Falco2003-4] Falco, Charles M. (July 2003), "The Art and Materials Science of 190-mph Superbikes" (PDF), MRS Bulletin, 28 (7), archived from the original (Adobe PDF) on 2007-03-06, retrieved 2011-01-29
Michaux-Perreaux year 1867–1871.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)

[Schafer1985-5] Cite error: The named reference Schafer1985 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Brown2004-6] Cite error: The named reference Brown2004 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Kresnak2008-7] Kresnak, Bill (2008), Motorcycling for Dummies, Hoboken, New Jersey: For Dummies, Wiley Publishing, p. 29, ISBN 0-470-24587-5
Roper year 1869.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)

[Kerr2008-8] Kerr, Glynn (August 2008), "Design; The Conspiracy Theory", Motorcycle Consumer News, vol. 39, no. 8, Irvine, California, p. 36–37, ISSN 1073-9408
Roper year 1869.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)

[Knight1884-9] Knight, Edward Henry (1884), Knight's new mechanical dictionary: A description of tools, instruments, machines, processes, and engineering. With indexical references to technical journals (1876-1880.), Houghton, Mifflin and company, pp. 922–923, retrieved 2011-01-27

[Vogel1998-10] Vogel, Carol (3 August 1998), "Latest Biker Hangout? Guggenheim Ramp", The New York Times, p. A1, retrieved 21 December 2014

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