Montefortino helmet

The Montefortino helmet was a type of Celtic, and later Roman, military helmet used from around 300 BC through the 1st century AD with continuing modifications. This helmet type is named after the region of Montefortino (frazione of Arcevia) in Italy, where a Montefortino helmet was first uncovered in a Celtic burial. (see the original one) The Montefortino helmet originated in the 4th century BCE and was influenced by Etruscan and Celtic helmets.^[1]^[2] The helmet was brought to Italy by the Senones^[3] and it was the most popular helmet amongst the Roman army during the Republican period.^[4] The Montefortino helmet remained the most popular Roman helmet until the first century CE. Although in the Roman military it was replaced by the Coolus helmet, it continued to be used by the Praetorian guard.^[5]^[6]

^ Bishop, M. C.; Coulston, J. C. (2006-04-22). Roman Military Equipment from the Punic Wars to the Fall of Rome, second edition. Oxbow Books. p. 65. ISBN 978-1-78570-397-3.
^ Daly, Gregory (2005-08-18). Cannae: The Experience of Battle in the Second Punic War. Routledge. p. 68. ISBN 978-1-134-50712-2.
^ Deligiannis, Periklis. "Helmet types of the Etruscan Armies": 4. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help),
^ Canestrelli, Gioal (2022-11-04). Celtic Warfare: From the Fifth Century BC to the First Century AD. Pen and Sword Military. p. 34. ISBN 978-1-3990-7020-1.
^ Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy A.; Adkins, Both Professional Archaeologists Roy A. (2014-05-14). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Infobase Publishing. p. 87. ISBN 978-0-8160-7482-2.
^ Oleson, John Peter (2008). The Oxford Handbook of Engineering and Technology in the Classical World. Oxford University Press. p. 700. ISBN 978-0-19-973485-6.

[1] Bishop, M. C.; Coulston, J. C. (2006-04-22). Roman Military Equipment from the Punic Wars to the Fall of Rome, second edition. Oxbow Books. p. 65. ISBN 978-1-78570-397-3.

[2] Daly, Gregory (2005-08-18). Cannae: The Experience of Battle in the Second Punic War. Routledge. p. 68. ISBN 978-1-134-50712-2.

[3] Deligiannis, Periklis. "Helmet types of the Etruscan Armies": 4. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help),

[4] Canestrelli, Gioal (2022-11-04). Celtic Warfare: From the Fifth Century BC to the First Century AD. Pen and Sword Military. p. 34. ISBN 978-1-3990-7020-1.

[5] Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy A.; Adkins, Both Professional Archaeologists Roy A. (2014-05-14). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Infobase Publishing. p. 87. ISBN 978-0-8160-7482-2.

[6] Oleson, John Peter (2008). The Oxford Handbook of Engineering and Technology in the Classical World. Oxford University Press. p. 700. ISBN 978-0-19-973485-6.

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