Teresa of Calcutta | |
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![]() Mother Teresa in 1995 | |
Virgin | |
Born | Anjezë Gonxhe Bojaxhiu 26 August 1910 Üsküp, Kosovo vilayet, Ottoman Empire |
Died | 5 September 1997 Calcutta, West Bengal, India | (aged 87)
Venerated in | Catholic Church |
Beatified | 19 October 2003, Saint Peter's Square, Vatican City by Pope John Paul II |
Canonized | 4 September 2016, Saint Peter's Square, Vatican City by Pope Francis |
Major shrine | Mother House of the Missionaries of Charity, Calcutta, West Bengal, India |
Feast | 5 September[1] |
Patronage | |
Title | Superior general |
Personal | |
Religion | Catholicism |
Nationality |
|
Denomination | Catholic |
Signature | ![]() |
Organization | |
Institute |
|
Senior posting | |
Period in office | 1950–1997 |
Successor | Sr. Nirmala Joshi, MC |
Mary Teresa Bojaxhiu MC (born Anjezë Gonxhe Bojaxhiu, Albanian: [aˈɲɛzə ˈɡɔndʒɛ bɔjaˈdʒi.u]; 26 August 1910 – 5 September 1997), better known as Mother Teresa,[a] was an Albanian-Indian Catholic nun and the founder of the Missionaries of Charity. Born in Skopje, then part of the Ottoman Empire,[b] she was raised in a devoutly Catholic family. At the age of 18, she moved to Ireland to join the Sisters of Loreto and later to India, where she lived most of her life and carried out her missionary work. On 4 September 2016, she was canonised by the Catholic Church as Saint Teresa of Calcutta. The anniversary of her death, 5 September, is now observed as her feast day.
Mother Teresa founded the Missionaries of Charity, a religious congregation that was initially dedicated to serving "the poorest of the poor" in the slums of Calcutta. Over the decades, the congregation grew to operate in over 133 countries, as of 2012[update],[6] with more than 4,500 nuns managing homes for those dying from HIV/AIDS, leprosy, and tuberculosis, as well as running soup kitchens, dispensaries, mobile clinics, orphanages, and schools. Members of the order take vows of chastity, poverty, and obedience and also profess a fourth vow: to give "wholehearted free service to the poorest of the poor."[7]
Mother Teresa received several honours, including the 1962 Ramon Magsaysay Peace Prize and the 1979 Nobel Peace Prize. However, she was also a controversial figure, drawing criticism for her staunch opposition to abortion and contraception, as well as for the poor conditions in some of her charitable institutions. Her life and work have inspired books, documentaries, and films. Her authorized biography, written by Navin Chawla, was published in 1992, and on 6 September 2017, she was named a co-patron of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Calcutta alongside Saint Francis Xavier.
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