Mulla Muhammad Muqim

Mulla Muhammad Muqim-al Baḥrānī al Kashmirī
Arabic: عالم ربانی, فقیہ صمدانی, اکابر فضلا
Mulla Muhammad Muqim-al Baḥrānī al Kashmirī Arabic: عالم ربانی, فقیہ صمدانی, اکابر فضلا
Succeeded by	Sayyid Safdar Shah Rizvi al Qummi
Succeeded by	Mulla Fazal Ansari
Personal life
Born	18th century CE (Mughal-Durrani Kashmir); Zadibal, Srinagar
Died	1235 AH/1819 CE (alternatively: 1195 AH/1781 CE or 1274 AH/ 1857-58 CE
Resting place	Baba Mazar, Zadibal Srinagar
Nationality	Kashmiri
Home town	Srinagar
Children	Fatima Begum
Parent	Mulla Abdul Ali
Era	early-Modern
Region	North India
Main interest(s)	Theology, Hadith, Jurisprudence
Notable work(s)	Kashkūl unpublished (Persian: کشکول)
Occupation	Teaching
Religious life
Religion	Islam
School	Arabic: اِثْنَا عَشَرِيَّة (iṯnā ʿašariyya, Imāmiyya)
Sect	Shia
Jurisprudence	Usuli
Teachers	Shaykh Hur Amili (disputed) Mulla Abul Ali Mulla Akbar
Profession	Scholar, Theologian, Jurist, Author

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Muhammad Muqim-al Baḥrānī al Kashmirī ( Arabic: ملا محمد مقيم البحريني الكشميري , d. 1195AH/1781CE, 1235AH/1819CE or 1274AH/ 1857-58CE) known as Mulla Muqim and Akhund Mulla Muqim, was an influential Kashmiri Twelver Shia scholar during the period of Durrani rule in Kashmir (1752-1819).^[1]^[2]^[3] He has been described as, ‘an eminent scholar, well-mannered and meek’,^[4] ‘famous for his asceticism and piety, worship and austerities, knowledge and grace’,^[5] ‘a miracle-worker’,^[6] an intellectual who was deeply immersed in mysticism (irfan) and ‘an expert in fiqh’.^[7] On his death, he was buried within his ancestral burial plot in the Baba Mazar cemetery, located in Zadibal, Srinagar.

^ Hamdani, Hakim Sameer (2023). Shiʿism in Kashmir: a history of Sunni-Shiʿi rivalry and reconciliation. London: I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-0-7556-4395-0.
^ Rizvi, Allama Sayyid Abul Qasim (1890). Al S'ādah fi Sayādat al S'ādāt. Lahore: self published.
^ Kabuli, Mulla Sayyid Baqir Rizvi (1890). Risāla-i Sayf al Ṣāram. Lahore: Sahafi.
^ Behbahani, Aqa Ahmad (1819). Mir'at ul-Ahwal-i Jahan Numa [India in the Early 19th Century: An Iranian’s Travel Account]. Patna: Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library (published 1996).
^ Hamdani, Hakim Ghulam Safdar (2014). Sajjid, Maqbool; Hamdani, Hakim Sameer (eds.). Tārīkh −i Shiyan-i Kashmir (3rd ed.). Srinagar: Imam Hussein Research & Publishing Centre.
^ "Roots of North Indian Shi'ism in Iran and Iraq". publishing.cdlib.org. Retrieved 2025-04-11.
^ Rizvi, Syed Athar Abbas (1986). A Socio Intellectual History Of The Isna Ashari Shi'is In India, vol. 2. Canberra: Marifat Publishing House.

[:2-1] Hamdani, Hakim Sameer (2023). Shiʿism in Kashmir: a history of Sunni-Shiʿi rivalry and reconciliation. London: I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-0-7556-4395-0.

[:3-2] Rizvi, Allama Sayyid Abul Qasim (1890). Al S'ādah fi Sayādat al S'ādāt. Lahore: self published.

[:7-3] Kabuli, Mulla Sayyid Baqir Rizvi (1890). Risāla-i Sayf al Ṣāram. Lahore: Sahafi.

[:5-4] Behbahani, Aqa Ahmad (1819). Mir'at ul-Ahwal-i Jahan Numa [India in the Early 19th Century: An Iranian’s Travel Account]. Patna: Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library (published 1996).

[:0-5] Hamdani, Hakim Ghulam Safdar (2014). Sajjid, Maqbool; Hamdani, Hakim Sameer (eds.). Tārīkh −i Shiyan-i Kashmir (3rd ed.). Srinagar: Imam Hussein Research & Publishing Centre.

[:6-6] "Roots of North Indian Shi'ism in Iran and Iraq". publishing.cdlib.org. Retrieved 2025-04-11.

[:4-7] Rizvi, Syed Athar Abbas (1986). A Socio Intellectual History Of The Isna Ashari Shi'is In India, vol. 2. Canberra: Marifat Publishing House.

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