Nader Shah's Central Asian campaign

Nader Shah's Conquest of Central Asia
	Part of Naderian Wars
	; Illustration of Nader's battle against Ilbares Khan
Date	1737–1740
Location	Central Asia
Result	Decisive Afsharid victory; (the conquest of the Central Asian khanates)
Territorial; changes	Persian suzerainty over Central Asia: The Afsharid Empire annexes Transoxia, the Khanate of Khiva, the Emirate of Bukhara and the Khanate of Kokand.; Establishes hegemony over the polities to the north of the Oxus river.;
Belligerents
Afsharid Empire	Khanate of Bukhara; Khanate of Khiva
Commanders and leaders
Nader Shah; Reza Qoli Mirza; Tahmasp Jalayer	Abu al-Fayz Khan; Muhammad Hakim; Ilbars Khan
Strength
Unknown	60,000+
Casualties and losses
minimal	heavy
	The leaders in bold are sovereigns

During the mid-eighteenth century the Afsharid empire of Nader Shah embarked upon the conquest and annexation of the Khanates of Bukhara and Khiva . The initial engagements were fought in the late 1730s by Nader Shah's son and viceroy Reza Qoli Mirza who gained a few notable victories in this theatre while Nader was still invading India to the south. Reza Qoli's invasions of Khiva angered Ilbars Khan, the leader of Khiva. When Ilbars threatened to make a counter-attack Nader ordered hostilities to cease despite his son's successes and later returned victoriously from Delhi to embark on a decisive campaign himself.

After annexing Khiva he executed Ilbars and replaced him with Abu al-Fayz Khan, whom Nader considered to be more accepting of Nader's overlordship. The conflict resulted in the most overwhelming Persian triumph against the khanates of Central Asia in modern history and with the admixture of his previous annexation in northern India, Nader's empire in the east surpassed all other Iranian empires before it, back to the Sassanians and Achaemenids of antiquity.^[3]

^ Svat Soucek, a History of Inner Asia page 195: in 1740 Nader Shah, the new ruler of Iran, crossed the Amu Darya and, accepting the submission of Muhammad Hakim Bi which was then formalized by the acquiescence of Abu al-Fayz Khan himself, proceeded to attack Khiva. When rebellions broke out in 1743 upon the death of Muhammad Hakim, the shah dis- patched the ataliq’s son Muhammad Rahim Bi, who had accompanied him to Iran, to quell them. Mohammad hakim bi was ruler of the khanate of bukhara at that time. link: "Page 195 a History of Inner Asia Librarum.org". Archived from the original on 2015-06-10. Retrieved 2015-07-16.
^ ^a ^b "La stratégie militaire, les campagnes et les batailles de Nâder Shâh - La Revue de Téhéran - Iran". teheran.ir.
^ svat soucek, a history of inner Asia page 195: in 1740 Nadir Shah, the new ruler of Iran, crossed the Amu Darya and, accepting the submission of Muhammad Hakim Bi which was then formalized by the acquiescence of Abu al-Fayz Khan himself, proceeded to attack Khiva. When rebellions broke out in 1743 upon the death of Muhammad Hakim, the shah dis- patched the ataliq’s son Muhammad Rahim Bi, who had accompanied him to Iran, to quell them. Mohammad hakim bi was ruler of the khanate of bukhara at that time. link: "Page 195 a History of Inner Asia Librarum.org". Archived from the original on 2015-06-10. Retrieved 2015-07-16.

[1] Svat Soucek, a History of Inner Asia page 195: in 1740 Nader Shah, the new ruler of Iran, crossed the Amu Darya and, accepting the submission of Muhammad Hakim Bi which was then formalized by the acquiescence of Abu al-Fayz Khan himself, proceeded to attack Khiva. When rebellions broke out in 1743 upon the death of Muhammad Hakim, the shah dis- patched the ataliq’s son Muhammad Rahim Bi, who had accompanied him to Iran, to quell them. Mohammad hakim bi was ruler of the khanate of bukhara at that time. link: "Page 195 a History of Inner Asia Librarum.org". Archived from the original on 2015-06-10. Retrieved 2015-07-16.

[teheran.ir-2] "La stratégie militaire, les campagnes et les batailles de Nâder Shâh - La Revue de Téhéran - Iran". teheran.ir.

[3] svat soucek, a history of inner Asia page 195: in 1740 Nadir Shah, the new ruler of Iran, crossed the Amu Darya and, accepting the submission of Muhammad Hakim Bi which was then formalized by the acquiescence of Abu al-Fayz Khan himself, proceeded to attack Khiva. When rebellions broke out in 1743 upon the death of Muhammad Hakim, the shah dis- patched the ataliq’s son Muhammad Rahim Bi, who had accompanied him to Iran, to quell them. Mohammad hakim bi was ruler of the khanate of bukhara at that time. link: "Page 195 a History of Inner Asia Librarum.org". Archived from the original on 2015-06-10. Retrieved 2015-07-16.

[1]

[2]

[3]