Republic of China 中華民國 Zhōnghuá mínguó | |||||||||||
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1925–1948 | |||||||||||
Anthem: 中華民國國歌 Zhōnghuá mínguó guógē "National Anthem of the Republic of China" (1937–1948) Flag anthem: 中華民國國旗歌 Zhōnghuá míngúo gúoqígē "National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China" (1947–1948) | |||||||||||
National seal 中華民國之璽 (1929–1949) | |||||||||||
Capital | |||||||||||
Largest city | Shanghai | ||||||||||
Official languages | Standard Chinese | ||||||||||
Demonym(s) | Chinese | ||||||||||
Government |
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Chairman | |||||||||||
• 1928 | Tan Yankai (first) | ||||||||||
• 1943–1948 | Chiang Kai-shek (last) | ||||||||||
Generalissimo | |||||||||||
• 1931–1946 | Chiang Kai-shek | ||||||||||
Premier | |||||||||||
• 1928–1930 | Tan Yankai (first) | ||||||||||
• 1947–1948 | Zhang Qun (last) | ||||||||||
Legislature | National Assembly | ||||||||||
Control Yuan | |||||||||||
Legislative Yuan | |||||||||||
History | |||||||||||
• Established in Guangzhou | 1 July 1925 | ||||||||||
1926–1928 | |||||||||||
• Reset in Nanjing | 18 April 1927 | ||||||||||
1927–1936, 1946–1950 | |||||||||||
7 July 1937 – 2 September 1945 | |||||||||||
• Admitted to the United Nations | 24 October 1945 | ||||||||||
25 October 1945 | |||||||||||
28 February 1947 | |||||||||||
25 December 1947 | |||||||||||
• Government of the Republic of China established | 20 May 1948 | ||||||||||
Area | |||||||||||
• Total | 8,368,561 km2 (3,231,119 sq mi) | ||||||||||
Currency |
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ISO 3166 code | CN | ||||||||||
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Today part of |
The Nationalist government, officially the National Government of the Republic of China (Chinese: 中華民國國民政府; pinyin: Zhōnghuá mínguó guómín zhèngfǔ), refers to the government of the Republic of China from 1 July 1925 to 20 May 1948, led by the nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) party.
Following the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution on 10 October 1911, revolutionary leader Sun Yat-sen was elected Provisional President and founded the Provisional Government of the Republic of China. To preserve national unity, Sun ceded the presidency to military strongman Yuan Shikai, who established the Beiyang government. After a failed attempt to install himself as Emperor of China, Yuan died in 1916, leaving a power vacuum which resulted in China being divided into several warlord fiefdoms and rival governments. They were nominally reunified in 1928 under the Nanjing-based government led by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, which after the Northern Expedition governed the country as a one-party state under the Kuomintang, and was subsequently given international recognition as the legitimate representative of China. The Nationalist government would then experience many challenges such as the Second Sino-Japanese War, and the Chinese Civil War. The government was in place until it was replaced by the current Government of the Republic of China in the newly promulgated Constitution of the Republic of China of 1948.
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