Natural hydrogen

Natural hydrogen (known as white hydrogen, geologic hydrogen^[1], or geogenic hydrogen ^[2], or gold hydrogen), is hydrogen that is formed by natural processes^[3]^[4] (as opposed to hydrogen produced in a laboratory or in industry). By contrast green hydrogen is produced from renewable energy sources, while grey, brown, blue or black hydrogen are obtained from fossil fuels.^[5] White hydrogen may be renewable. It is non-polluting and may offer lower costs than industrial hydrogen.^[6] Natural hydrogen has been identified in many source rocks in areas beyond the sedimentary basins where oil companies typically operate.^[7]^[8]^[9]

^ "Geologists signal start of hydrogen energy 'gold rush'".
^ Pasche, N., Schmid, M., Vazquez, F., Schubert, C. J., Wüest, A., Kessler, J. D., ... & Bürgmann, H. (2011). Methane sources and sinks in Lake Kivu. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences (2005–2012), 116(G3) ( https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2011JG001690?download=true)
^ Larin V.N. 1975 Hydridic Earth: The New Geology of Our Primordially Hydrogen-Rich Planet (Moscow: Izd. IMGRE). (in Russian)
^ Truche, Laurent; Bazarkina, Elena F. (2019). "Natural hydrogen the fuel of the 21 st century". E3S Web of Conferences. 98: 03006. Bibcode:2019E3SWC..9803006T. doi:10.1051/e3sconf/20199803006. S2CID 195544603.
^ "Hydrogen color code". H2B.
^ La rédaction: Hydrogène naturel : une source potentielle d'énergie renouvelable. In: La Revue des Transitions. 7 November 2019, retrieved 17 January 2022 (in French).
^ Deville, Eric; Prinzhofer, Alain (November 2016). "The origin of N2-H2-CH4-rich natural gas seepages in ophiolitic context: A major and noble gases study of fluid seepages in New Caledonia". Chemical Geology. 440: 139–147. Bibcode:2016ChGeo.440..139D. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.06.011.
^ Gregory Paita, Master Thesis, Engie & Université de Montpellier.
^ Hassanpouryouzband, Aliakbar; Wilkinson, Mark; Haszeldine, R Stuart (2024). "Hydrogen energy futures – foraging or farming?". Chemical Society Reviews. 53 (5): 2258–2263. doi:10.1039/D3CS00723E. hdl:20.500.11820/b23e204c-744e-44f6-8cf5-b6761775260d. PMID 38323342.

[auto-1] "Geologists signal start of hydrogen energy 'gold rush'".

[2] Pasche, N., Schmid, M., Vazquez, F., Schubert, C. J., Wüest, A., Kessler, J. D., ... & Bürgmann, H. (2011). Methane sources and sinks in Lake Kivu. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences (2005–2012), 116(G3) ( https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2011JG001690?download=true)

[3] Larin V.N. 1975 Hydridic Earth: The New Geology of Our Primordially Hydrogen-Rich Planet (Moscow: Izd. IMGRE). (in Russian)

[4] Truche, Laurent; Bazarkina, Elena F. (2019). "Natural hydrogen the fuel of the 21 st century". E3S Web of Conferences. 98: 03006. Bibcode:2019E3SWC..9803006T. doi:10.1051/e3sconf/20199803006. S2CID 195544603.

[5] "Hydrogen color code". H2B.

[6] La rédaction: Hydrogène naturel : une source potentielle d'énergie renouvelable. In: La Revue des Transitions. 7 November 2019, retrieved 17 January 2022 (in French).

[7] Deville, Eric; Prinzhofer, Alain (November 2016). "The origin of N2-H2-CH4-rich natural gas seepages in ophiolitic context: A major and noble gases study of fluid seepages in New Caledonia". Chemical Geology. 440: 139–147. Bibcode:2016ChGeo.440..139D. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.06.011.

[8] Gregory Paita, Master Thesis, Engie & Université de Montpellier.

[9] Hassanpouryouzband, Aliakbar; Wilkinson, Mark; Haszeldine, R Stuart (2024). "Hydrogen energy futures – foraging or farming?". Chemical Society Reviews. 53 (5): 2258–2263. doi:10.1039/D3CS00723E. hdl:20.500.11820/b23e204c-744e-44f6-8cf5-b6761775260d. PMID 38323342.

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