Naturalisation (biology)

Naturalisation (or naturalization) is the ecological phenomenon through which a species, taxon, or population of exotic (as opposed to native) origin integrates into a given ecosystem, becoming capable of reproducing and growing in it, and proceeds to disseminate spontaneously.^[1] In some instances, the presence of a species in a given ecosystem is so ancient that it cannot be presupposed whether it is native or introduced.^[2]

Generally, any introduced species may (in the wild) either go extinct or naturalise in its new environment.^[3]

Some populations do not sustain themselves reproductively, but exist because of continued influx from elsewhere. Such a non-sustaining population, or the individuals within it, are said to be adventive.^[4] Cultivated plants, sometimes called nativars, are a major source of adventive populations.

^ "Definitions". Weeds Gone Wild. Archived from the original on 4 May 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
^ Da Lage, Antoine; Métailié, Georges (2015). Dictionnaire de biogéographie végétale. French National Centre for Scientific Research. p. 47. ISBN 9782271085870.
^ "Naturalization of introduced plants is driven by life-form-dependent cultivation biases".
^ Wagner, Warren L.; Herbst, Derral R.; Sohmer, Sy H. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i (Revised ed.). Hololulu: Bishop Museum Press.

[1] "Definitions". Weeds Gone Wild. Archived from the original on 4 May 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2023.

[Lage-2] Da Lage, Antoine; Métailié, Georges (2015). Dictionnaire de biogéographie végétale. French National Centre for Scientific Research. p. 47. ISBN 9782271085870.

[3] "Naturalization of introduced plants is driven by life-form-dependent cultivation biases".

[WHS1999-4] Wagner, Warren L.; Herbst, Derral R.; Sohmer, Sy H. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i (Revised ed.). Hololulu: Bishop Museum Press.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]