Nazca Ridge

The Nazca Ridge is a submarine ridge, located on the Nazca plate off the west coast of South America. This plate and ridge are currently subducting under the South American plate at a convergent boundary known as the Peru-Chile Trench at approximately 7.7 cm (3.0 in) per year.^[1] The Nazca Ridge began subducting obliquely to the collision margin at 11°S, approximately 11.2 Ma, and the current subduction location is 15°S.^[2] The ridge is composed of abnormally thick basaltic ocean crust, averaging 18 ±3 km thick.^[3] This crust is buoyant, resulting in flat slab subduction under Peru.^[4] This flat slab subduction has been associated with the uplift of Pisco Basin^[5] and the cessation of Andes volcanism and the uplift of the Fitzcarrald Arch on the South American continent approximately 4 Ma.^[6]

^ Regard, V.; Lagnous, R.; Espurt, N.; Darrozes, J.; Baby, P.; Roddaz, M.; Calderon, Y.; Hermoza, W. (2009). "Geomorphic evidence for recent uplift of the Fitzcarrald Arch (Peru): A response to the Nazca Ridge subduction" (PDF). Geomorphology. 107 (3–4): 107–117. Bibcode:2009Geomo.107..107R. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2008.12.003. S2CID 18260573.
^ Hampel, Andrea (2002). "The migration history of the Nazca Ridge along the Peruvian active margin: a re-evaluation". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 203 (2): 665–679. Bibcode:2002E&PSL.203..665H. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00859-2.
^ Woods, T.M.; Okal, E.A. (1994). "The structure of the Nazca Ridge and the Sala y Gomez seamount chain from dispersion of Rayleigh waves". Geophysical Journal International. 117: 205–222. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.1994.tb03313.x.
^ Gutscher, M.A.; Spakman, W.; Bijwaard, H.; Engdalh, E.R. (2000). "Geodynamics of flat subduction: Seismicity and tomographic constraints from the Andean margin". Tectonics. 19 (5): 814–833. Bibcode:2000Tecto..19..814G. doi:10.1029/1999TC001152.
^ Dunbar, Robert B.; Marty, Richard C.; Baker, Paul A. (1990). "Cenozoic marine sedimentation in the Sechura and Pisco basins, Peru". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 77 (3–4): 235–261. Bibcode:1990PPP....77..235D. doi:10.1016/0031-0182(90)90179-B.
^ Espurt, N.; Baby, P.; Brusset, S.; Roddaz, M.; Hermoza, W.; Regard, V.; Antoine, P.-O.; Salas-Gismondi, R.; Bolaños, R. (2007-06-01). "How does the Nazca Ridge subduction influence the modern Amazonian foreland basin?". Geology. 35 (6): 515. Bibcode:2007Geo....35..515E. doi:10.1130/g23237a.1. ISSN 0091-7613.

[:06-1] Regard, V.; Lagnous, R.; Espurt, N.; Darrozes, J.; Baby, P.; Roddaz, M.; Calderon, Y.; Hermoza, W. (2009). "Geomorphic evidence for recent uplift of the Fitzcarrald Arch (Peru): A response to the Nazca Ridge subduction" (PDF). Geomorphology. 107 (3–4): 107–117. Bibcode:2009Geomo.107..107R. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2008.12.003. S2CID 18260573.

[:75-2] Hampel, Andrea (2002). "The migration history of the Nazca Ridge along the Peruvian active margin: a re-evaluation". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 203 (2): 665–679. Bibcode:2002E&PSL.203..665H. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00859-2.

[:84-3] Woods, T.M.; Okal, E.A. (1994). "The structure of the Nazca Ridge and the Sala y Gomez seamount chain from dispersion of Rayleigh waves". Geophysical Journal International. 117: 205–222. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.1994.tb03313.x.

[:95-4] Gutscher, M.A.; Spakman, W.; Bijwaard, H.; Engdalh, E.R. (2000). "Geodynamics of flat subduction: Seismicity and tomographic constraints from the Andean margin". Tectonics. 19 (5): 814–833. Bibcode:2000Tecto..19..814G. doi:10.1029/1999TC001152.

[Dunbaretal1990-5] Dunbar, Robert B.; Marty, Richard C.; Baker, Paul A. (1990). "Cenozoic marine sedimentation in the Sechura and Pisco basins, Peru". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 77 (3–4): 235–261. Bibcode:1990PPP....77..235D. doi:10.1016/0031-0182(90)90179-B.

[:45-6] Espurt, N.; Baby, P.; Brusset, S.; Roddaz, M.; Hermoza, W.; Regard, V.; Antoine, P.-O.; Salas-Gismondi, R.; Bolaños, R. (2007-06-01). "How does the Nazca Ridge subduction influence the modern Amazonian foreland basin?". Geology. 35 (6): 515. Bibcode:2007Geo....35..515E. doi:10.1130/g23237a.1. ISSN 0091-7613.

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