New Joint Endeavor for Welfare, Education, and Liberation | |
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Abbreviation | New JEWEL Movement |
Leader | Maurice Bishop |
Founded | 11 March 1973 |
Dissolved | 29 October 1983 |
Merger of |
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Succeeded by | Maurice Bishop Patriotic Movement |
Newspaper | The New Jewel |
Military wing | People's Revolutionary Army |
Ideology | |
Political position | Far-left |
National affiliation | People's Alliance (1976) |
Colours |
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Slogan | "Forward ever, backward never! (French: En avant jambes, en arrière jamais!) |
The New Joint Endeavor for Welfare, Education, and Liberation, or New JEWEL Movement (NJM), was a Marxist–Leninist vanguard party in the Caribbean island nation of Grenada that was led by Maurice Bishop.
Established in 1973, the NJM issued its manifesto prior to the granting of independence to Grenada in 1974.[3] The movement took control of the country with a successful bloodless revolution in 1979 and ruled by decree as the People's Revolutionary Government until 1983. In 1983, Bishop was killed by paramilitaries affiliated with hard-liners in his own party. This led to a military government, which was deposed by the US military in a 1983 invasion.
identifying symbol of the NJM revolution appeared everywhere: a white flag containing a red disc.
He also stood on a small raised platform painted red, green and gold, putting him slightly above the militia men and women standing in formation on the field. Not only was Strachan's stature literally raised, he was associated with the national flag/rasta colours. Since many members of the militia were youths who identified themselves with the Rastafarian movement, it was likely that the PRG was trying to associate the revolution with rasta ideology
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