Back Edelmetaal Afrikaans فلزات نبيلة Arabic Metal noble AST Nəcib metallar Azerbaijani Благороден метал Bulgarian নোবেল ধাতু Bengali/Bangla Metall noble Catalan Ušlechtilé kovy Czech Пархатарлă металл CV Ædelmetal Danish
Periodic table extract showing approximately how often each element tends to be recognized as a noble metal:
7 most often (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Ag) [1] 1 often (Ag)[2] 2 sometimes (Cu, Hg)[3] 6 in a limited sense (Tc, Re, As, Sb, Bi, Po)
The thick black line encloses the seven to eight metals most often to often so recognized.
* may be tarnished in moist air or corrode in an acidic solution containing oxygen and an oxidant
† attacked by sulfur or hydrogen sulfide
§ self-attacked by radiation-generated ozone
A noble metal is ordinarily regarded as a metallic chemical element that is generally resistant to corrosion and is usually found in nature in its raw form. Gold, silver, platinum, and the other platinum group metals (ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium) are most often so classified. Copper, and mercury are sometimes included as noble metals, but each of these usually occurs in nature combined with sulfur.
In more specialized fields of study and applications the number of elements counted as noble metals can be smaller or larger. In physics, there are only three noble metals: copper, silver, and gold. In dentistry, silver widely used because of antimicrobial properties.[4]
In chemistry, the term noble metal is sometimes applied more broadly to any metallic or semimetallic element that does not react with a weak acid and give off hydrogen gas in the process. This broader set includes copper, mercury, technetium, rhenium, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, polonium, gold, the six platinum group metals, and silver.
- ^ Balcerzak, M (2021). "Noble Metals, Analytical Chemistry of". Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry: Applications, Theory and Instrumentation. Wiley Online Library. pp. 1–36. doi:10.1002/9780470027318.a2411.pub3. ISBN 9780471976707.
- ^ Schlamp, G (2018). "Noble metals and noble metal alloys". In Warlimont, H; Martienssen, W (eds.). Springer Handbook of Materials Data. Springer Handbooks. Cham: Springer. pp. 339–412. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69743-7_14. ISBN 978-3-319-69741-3.
- ^ Kepp, KP (2020). "Chemical causes of nobility" (PDF). ChemPhysChem. 21 (5): 360–369. doi:10.1002/cphc.202000013. PMID 31912974. S2CID 210087180.
- ^ Fernandez, Clara Couto; Sokolonski, Ana Rita; Fonseca, Maísa Santos; Stanisic, Danijela; Araújo, Danilo Barral; Azevedo, Vasco; Portela, Ricardo Dias; Tasic, Ljubica (March 2, 2021). "Applications of Silver Nanoparticles in Dentistry: Advances and Technological Innovation". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 22 (5): 2485. doi:10.3390/ijms22052485. ISSN 1422-0067. PMC 7957900. PMID 33801230.
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