Non-structured programming

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Non-structured programming is the historically earliest programming paradigm capable of creating Turing-complete algorithms.^{[citation needed]} It is often contrasted with the structured programming paradigm, in particular with the use of unstructured control flow using goto statements or equivalent. The distinction was particularly stressed by the publication of the influential Go To Statement Considered Harmful open letter in 1968 by Dutch computer scientist Edsger W. Dijkstra,^[1] who coined the term structured programming.^{[citation needed]}

Unstructured programming has been heavily criticized for producing hardly readable ("spaghetti") code.^{[by whom?]}

There are both high- and low-level programming languages that use non-structured programming. Some languages commonly cited^{[citation needed]} as being non-structured include JOSS, FOCAL, TELCOMP, assembly languages, MS-DOS batch files, and early versions of BASIC, Fortran, COBOL, and MUMPS.