Noncoding RNA Activated by DNA Damage (NORAD) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that responds to DNA damage and plays a significant role in preserving stability (keeping it accurate and unchanged) of genetic information (genome) within cells.[2] Upon DNA damage, the amount of NORAD increases within cells and work to prevent proteins responsible for stabilizing genomes (PUMILIO proteins) such as PUM1 and PUM2 from reaching their mRNA targets and destabilizing them.[2] By sequestering the PUMILIO proteins, NORAD allows the involved mRNA (pieces of genetic information derived from DNA that act as protein-coding messengers), to exert their function and maintain many cellular processes. These functions include the repair of the DNA itself, the control of cell division, and the proper segregation of chromosomes, which are tightly bundled forms of DNA. Lack of enough NORAD can cause aneuploidy as a possible result, which is an improper segregation of chromosomes that can be extremely harmful in proper cell division and in the creation of healthy gametes like sperm and egg cells.[2][3]
- ^ Yang, Zhi; Zhao, Yongqiang; Lin, Guofu; Zhou, Xiangyu; Jiang, Xiaofeng; Zhao, Haiying (2019-02-01). "Noncoding RNA activated by DNA damage (NORAD): Biologic function and mechanisms in human cancers". Clinica Chimica Acta. 489: 5–9. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2018.11.025. ISSN 0009-8981. PMID 30468715.
- ^ a b c Lee, Sungyul; Kopp, Florian; Chang, Tsung-Cheng; Sataluri, Anupama; Chen, Beibei; Sivakumar, Sushama; Yu, Hongtao; Xie, Yang; Mendell, Joshua T. (2016-01-14). "Noncoding RNA NORAD Regulates Genomic Stability by Sequestering PUMILIO Proteins". Cell. 164 (1–2): 69–80. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.12.017. PMC 4715682. PMID 26724866.
- ^ Orr, Bernardo; Godek, Kristina M.; Compton, Duane (2015-06-29). "Aneuploidy". Current Biology. 25 (13): R538 – R542. Bibcode:2015CBio...25.R538O. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.05.010. PMC 4714037. PMID 26126276.
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