Northwest India | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Country | India |
| States and territories | |
| Largest city | New Delhi |
| Most populous cities (2011) | |
| Area | |
| • Total | 836,566 km2 (323,000 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 368,791,165 |
| • Density | 440/km2 (1,100/sq mi) |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| Native languages | |
Northwest India is a loosely defined region of India consisting of northwestern states of the Republic of India. It generally includes the states of Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan[1] and often Uttar Pradesh,[2][3][4][5] along with the union territories of Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir,[6][a] Chandigarh and the National Capital Territory of Delhi.[b] Gujarat is occasionally included as well.[7][8][9] The mountainous upper portion of Northwest India consists of the Western Himalayas, while the flat lower portion consists of the middle portion of the Indo-Gangetic plains and the Thar Desert
Northwest India borders Pakistan to the west, and the Tibet Autonomous Region and Xinjiang of China to the northeast.[c] Before the partition of India, the term "Northwest India" included the entirety of Punjab, Sindh[9] and North West Frontier Province, in addition to the territory of modern-day India west of the 77th meridian east and north of the 24th parallel north.[10]
Since the ancient period, the region has been subject to foreign invasions. In the ancient era, it was part of the Indo-Greek Kingdom, followed by the Kushan Empire. The region was invaded and conquered by the Ghorid Empire in the twelfth century. In the eighteenth century, the region was invaded and ransacked by Iran and Afghanistan. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the Punjab region was ruled by Sikh Misls. The Rajputs ruled the Thar region and occasionally the upper plains from the mediaeval era till the formation of the Indian Union (1947). The Kingdom of Kashmir existed from the ancient era until its conquest in 1586 by Akbar the Great, Shahenshah of Hindustan. It was re-instated in 1849 and existed till its accession to the Indian Union in 1947.
The Kashmir region is disputed between India, Pakistan and China. India claims the entirety of Kashmir apart from the Trans-Karakoram Tract, but the regions of Gilgit-Baltistan and AJK are controlled by Pakistan while the Trans-Karakoram Tract and Aksai Chin are controlled by China.
- ^ Mitigation, Management and Control of Floods in South Asia Volume One. UN Habitat.
Inland drainage in India is mainly ephemeral and almost entirely in the arid and semiarid part of northwestern India, particularly in the Great Indian Desert of Rajasthan,
- ^ Haddix, Kimber. Marital Strategies in a Polyandrous Tibetan Community in Northwest Nepal.
In many areas of northwestern India, especially in Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh such as Jaunsar Bawar, Kumaon and Garhwal districts, sex ratios that were significantly
- ^ Buckley, Michael. Tibet.
in northwest India, there are about 21,000 in Himachal Pradesh, 6,500 in Uttar Pradesh, and 5,000 in Ladakh; in central India, about 8,000; in south India, approximately 30,000; in northeast India, an estimated 8,000; while 14,300 live
- ^ Noble, Allen. India: Cultural Patterns And Processes.
Because they are primarily milk producers, the greatest numbers of water buffalo are found in northwest India, from the Punjab to Uttar Pradesh, in places where there are lower densities of human population and greater availability of feed.
- ^ Byerlee, Derek. Dryland Wheat in India.
the traditional wheat belt of northwestern India (Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, and Haryana) also recorded above average growth in wheat area.
- ^ Rao, M.S.V.; Srinivasan, V.; Raman, S. (September 1970). Forecasting Manual Part Iii Discussion Of Typical Synoptic Weather Situations 3.3: Southwest Monsoon -Typical Situations Over Northwest India. India Meteorological Department . p. 1.
- ^ Tavernini, Maria. "Severe drought threatens delicate ecosystem in Gujarat". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
- ^ Dixit, Mayank; Ram Bansal, Abhey; Mangalalampally, Ravi Kumar; Singha Roy, Ketan; Teotia, Satybir Singh (1 August 2022). "Dynamically Triggered Events in a Low Seismically Active Region of Gujarat, Northwest India, during the 2012 Mw 8.6 Indian Ocean Earthquake". The Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 112 (4): 1908–1920. Bibcode:2022BuSSA.112.1908D. doi:10.1785/0120210142. ISSN 0037-1106.
- ^ a b A Brief History of India Emiliano Unzer "In cultural and religious terms, India was home to Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism among others, and sheltered the Zoroastrians from the Persian lands to the west, as well as the place where Islam flourished since the 7th century through Gujarat and Sindh in northwest India."
- ^ Ramaswamy, C. (1987). Meteorological Aspects of Severe Floods in India, 1923-1979. Meteorological monograph: Hydrology. India Meteorological Department. p. 17. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
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