Ob (river)

Ob
Ob
	The Ob in Novosibirsk
	Map of the Ob River watershed
Native name	Обь (Russian)
Location
Country	Russia
Region	Altai Krai, Novosibirsk Oblast, Tomsk Oblast, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Yamalia
Cities	Biysk, Barnaul, Novosibirsk, Nizhnevartovsk, Surgut
Physical characteristics
Source	Katun
• location	Belukha Mountain, Altai Republic
• coordinates	49°45′0″N 86°34′0″E / 49.75000°N 86.56667°E
• elevation	2,300 m (7,500 ft)
2nd source	Biya
• location	Lake Teletskoye, Altai Republic
• coordinates	51°47′11″N 87°14′49″E / 51.78639°N 87.24694°E
• elevation	434 m (1,424 ft)
3rd source	Most distant source: Ob-Irtysh system
• location	near Mang-tai-ch’ia-ta-fan pass, Altai Mountains, Xinjiang, China
• coordinates	47°52′39″N 89°58′12″E / 47.87750°N 89.97000°E
• elevation	2,960 m (9,710 ft)
Source confluence	Near Biysk
• location	Altai Krai
• coordinates	52°25′54″N 85°01′26″E / 52.43167°N 85.02389°E
• elevation	195 m (640 ft)
Mouth	Gulf of Ob
• location	Ob Delta, Yamalia
• coordinates	66°32′02″N 71°23′41″E / 66.53389°N 71.39472°E
• elevation	0 m (0 ft)
Length	3,700 km (2,300 mi)
Basin size	2,972,497 km2 (1,147,688 sq mi) to 2,994,238 km2 (1,156,082 sq mi)
Width
• minimum	140 m (460 ft)
• average	3,000 m (9,800 ft)
• maximum	19,000 m (62,000 ft)
Depth
• average	9 m (30 ft)
• maximum	40 m (130 ft)
Discharge
• location	Salekhard (Basin size: 2,917,508 km2 (1,126,456 sq mi))
• average	(Period of data: 1971–2015)12,889 m3/s (455,200 cu ft/s) (Period of data: 1930–1984)12,475.1 m3/s (440,550 cu ft/s) (Period of data: 1999–2008)13,500 m3/s (480,000 cu ft/s)
• minimum	2,360 m3/s (83,000 cu ft/s)
• maximum	40,200 m3/s (1,420,000 cu ft/s)
Discharge
• location	Ob Estuary, Gulf of Ob (Kara Sea), Russia
• average	(Period of data: 1940–2017)402 km3/a (12,700 m3/s) (Period of data: 1984–2018)414 km3/a (13,100 m3/s)
Basin features
Tributaries
• left	Katun, Anuy, Charysh, Aley, Parabel, Vasyugan, Irtysh, Severnaya Sosva
• right	Biya, Berd, Inya, Tom, Chulym, Ket, Tym, Vakh, Pim, Kazym

The Ob is a major river in Russia. It is in western Siberia, and with its tributary the Irtysh forms the world's seventh-longest river system, at 5,410 kilometres (3,360 mi). The Ob forms at the confluence of the Biya and Katun which have their origins in the Altai Mountains. It is the westernmost of the three great Siberian rivers that flow into the Arctic Ocean (the other two being the Yenisei and the Lena). Its flow is north-westward, then northward.

The main city on its banks is Novosibirsk, the largest city in Siberia, and the third-largest city in Russia. It is where the Trans-Siberian Railway crosses the river.

The Gulf of Ob is the world's longest estuary.

^ ^a ^b "Ob River". Archived from the original on 2022-10-22. Retrieved 2022-10-22.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Ob River at Salekhard". River Discharge Database. Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment. 2010-02-13. Archived from the original on 2010-06-12. Retrieved 2010-11-06.
^ ^a ^b "Changing freshwater contributions to the Arctic | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene | University of California Press". Archived from the original on 2021-11-26. Retrieved 2021-11-26.
^ ^a ^b ^c "River Discharge". Archived from the original on 2007-02-10. Retrieved 2021-10-11.

[Ob_River-1] "Ob River". Archived from the original on 2022-10-22. Retrieved 2022-10-22.

[Ob_River_at_Salekhard-2] "Ob River at Salekhard". River Discharge Database. Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment. 2010-02-13. Archived from the original on 2010-06-12. Retrieved 2010-11-06.

[ucpress_Changing-freshwater-contribution-3] "Changing freshwater contributions to the Arctic | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene | University of California Press". Archived from the original on 2021-11-26. Retrieved 2021-11-26.

[River_Discharge-4] "River Discharge". Archived from the original on 2007-02-10. Retrieved 2021-10-11.

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