Ophiostoma ulmi

Ophiostoma ulmi
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Sordariomycetes
Order:	Ophiostomatales
Family:	Ophiostomataceae
Genus:	Ophiostoma
Species:	O. ulmi
Binomial name
	Ophiostoma ulmi; (Buisman) Melin & Nannf. (1934)
Synonyms
	Graphium ulmi M.B.Schwarz (1922); Ceratostomella ulmi Buisman (1932); Ceratocystis ulmi (Buisman) C.Moreau (1952);

Ophiostoma ulmi is a species of fungus in the family Ophiostomataceae. It is one of the causative agents of Dutch elm disease. It was first described under the name Graphium ulmi,^[2] and later transferred to the genus Ophiostoma.^[3]

Dutch elm disease originated in Europe in the early 1900s.^[4] Elm trees were once an ecologically valuable tree that dominated mixed broadleaf forests, floodplains, and low areas near rivers and streams.^[5] They were planted in urban settings because of their aesthetic appeal and their ability to provide shade due to their V like shape.^[6] An outbreak of Dutch elm disease in the 1920s and again in the 1970s was responsible for the death of more than 40 million American elm trees.^[7]

Ophiostoma ulmi was the first known cause of Dutch elm disease .^[8] Since its discovery in 1910, new forms of the fungus, specifically Ophiostoma novo-ulmi, have emerged and appear to be more resistant to control measures and more aggressive in their infection.

^ Cite error: The named reference urlMycoBank: Ophiostoma ulmi was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Schwarz1922 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Melin1934 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Clinton, G. P., McCormick, Florence A., Dutch elm disease, Graphium ulmi; New Haven, 1936
^ Martín, Juan A.; et al. (2018). "Correction to: Breeding and Scientific Advances in the Fight against Dutch Elm Disease: Will They Allow the Use of Elms in Forest Restoration?" (PDF). New Forests.
^ "Ophiostoma ulmi (Dutch elm disease)". www.cabi.org. Retrieved 2018-12-12.
^ "American Phytopathological Society". American Phytopathological Society. Retrieved 2018-12-12.
^ "Epidemiology". www.dutchelmdisease.org. Retrieved 2018-12-12.

[urlMycoBank:_Ophiostoma_ulmi-1] Cite error: The named reference urlMycoBank: Ophiostoma ulmi was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Schwarz1922-2] Cite error: The named reference Schwarz1922 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Melin1934-3] Cite error: The named reference Melin1934 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[DED1936paper-4] Clinton, G. P., McCormick, Florence A., Dutch elm disease, Graphium ulmi; New Haven, 1936

[:0-5] Martín, Juan A.; et al. (2018). "Correction to: Breeding and Scientific Advances in the Fight against Dutch Elm Disease: Will They Allow the Use of Elms in Forest Restoration?" (PDF). New Forests.

[:1-6] "Ophiostoma ulmi (Dutch elm disease)". www.cabi.org. Retrieved 2018-12-12.

[:2-7] "American Phytopathological Society". American Phytopathological Society. Retrieved 2018-12-12.

[8] "Epidemiology". www.dutchelmdisease.org. Retrieved 2018-12-12.

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