Ophiostoma ulmi | |
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Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Fungi |
Division: | Ascomycota |
Class: | Sordariomycetes |
Order: | Ophiostomatales |
Family: | Ophiostomataceae |
Genus: | Ophiostoma |
Species: | O. ulmi
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Binomial name | |
Ophiostoma ulmi | |
Synonyms[1] | |
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Ophiostoma ulmi is a species of fungus in the family Ophiostomataceae. It is one of the causative agents of Dutch elm disease. It was first described under the name Graphium ulmi,[2] and later transferred to the genus Ophiostoma.[3]
Dutch elm disease originated in Europe in the early 1900s.[4] Elm trees were once an ecologically valuable tree that dominated mixed broadleaf forests, floodplains, and low areas near rivers and streams.[5] They were planted in urban settings because of their aesthetic appeal and their ability to provide shade due to their V like shape.[6] An outbreak of Dutch elm disease in the 1920s and again in the 1970s was responsible for the death of more than 40 million American elm trees.[7]
Ophiostoma ulmi was the first known cause of Dutch elm disease .[8] Since its discovery in 1910, new forms of the fungus, specifically Ophiostoma novo-ulmi, have emerged and appear to be more resistant to control measures and more aggressive in their infection.
urlMycoBank: Ophiostoma ulmi
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