Organ donation in India is regulated by the Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 1994. The law allows both deceased and living donors to donate their organs. It also identifies brain death as a form of death.[1] The National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation (NOTTO) functions as the apex body for activities of relating to procurement, allotment and distribution of organs in the country.[2]
Although India has performed the second largest number of transplants in the world in 2019 (after United States), it lags far behind the western nations like Spain (35.1 pmp), United States (21.9 pmp) and United Kingdom (15.5 pmp) in national donation with a donation rate of only 0.65 per million population (2019) due to its huge population.[3][4] According to the World Health Organization, only around 0.01 percent of people in India donate their organs after death.[5][6] Some of the reasons behind such poor performance are lack of public awareness,[7] religious or superstitious beliefs among people, and strict laws.[8] There is a huge gender disparity among organ donors in the country as women donate disproportionately high while being disproportionately low number of organ recipients.[9]
In 2019, the Government of India implemented the National Organ Transplant Programme with a budget of ₹149.5 crore (US$18 million) for promoting deceased organ donation.[2][10]
- ^ "Organ Transplantation in India | Organ Transplant Governing Laws". Retrieved 29 April 2020.
- ^ a b "Directorate General Of Health Services". dghs.gov.in. Archived from the original on 30 March 2020. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
- ^ Vipin, Koushal; Raman, Sharma; Ashok, Kumar (2018). "Impact of green corridors in organ donation: A single-center experience". Indian Journal of Transplantation. 12 (2): 110–112. doi:10.4103/ijot.ijot_11_18 – via ResearchGate.
- ^ "Dr. Harsh Vardhan presides over the 10th Indian Organ Donation Day". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
- ^ "Need For Organ Donation In India - Organ Donation Information in India | Donate Life". www.donatelife.org.in. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
- ^ Ranganath, T.S. (2016). "ORGAN DONATION" (PDF). RGUHS National Journal of Public Health. 1.
- ^ "An opt-out model for organ donation". Deccan Herald. 23 September 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
- ^ Chakrabarty, Sreeparna (5 August 2013). "Hundreds die in India due to lack of organs". DNA India. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
- ^ Rajkumar, Akchayaa; Shaji, Sukanya; Raju, Maria Teresa (24 November 2023). "Why are 80% of organ donors in India women? Transplant surgeons weigh in". Archived from the original on 24 November 2023. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
- ^ "Govt puts in place National Organ Transplant Programme". www.newsonair.com. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
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