Back أرز إفريقي Arabic ارز افريقى ARZ अफिरकी धान Bihari Arròs africà Catalan Oryza glaberrima CEB Oryza glaberrima Spanish Oryza glaberrima Basque Maaroori FF Afrikanriisi Finnish Oryza glaberrima French

Oryza glaberrima

Oryza glaberrima
Seeds
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Genus: Oryza
Species:
O. glaberrima
Binomial name
Oryza glaberrima
Wild range. Cultivated range is much larger.

Oryza glaberrima, commonly known as African rice, is one of the two domesticated rice species.[1] It was first domesticated and grown in West Africa around 3,000 years ago.[2][3] In agriculture, it has largely been replaced by higher-yielding Asian rice (O. sativa),[2] and the number of varieties grown is declining.[1] It still persists, making up an estimated 20%[4] of rice grown in West Africa. It is now rarely sold in West African markets, having been replaced by Asian strains.[5]

In comparison to Asian rice, African rice is hardy, pest-resistant, low-labour, and suited to a larger variety of African conditions.[1] It is described as filling, with a distinct nutty flavour.[4] It is also grown for cultural reasons; for instance, it is sacred to followers of Awasena (a traditional African religion) among the Jola people,[6] and is a heritage variety in the United States.[7]

Crossbreeding between African and Asian rice is difficult, but there exist some crosses.[8][9][10] Jones et al. 1997 and Gridley et al. 2002 provide hybrids combining glaberrima's disease resistance and sativa's yield potential.[11]

  1. ^ a b c Linares, Olga F. (2002-12-10). "African rice (Oryza glaberrima): History and future potential". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 99 (25): 16360–16365. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916360L. doi:10.1073/pnas.252604599. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 138616. PMID 12461173.
  2. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference genome was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference carney was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference PROT4U was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Ikhioya, Sunny; Oritse, Godwin (2013-10-07). "Smuggled rice floods Nigerian market, as merchants suffer losses". Vanguard.[permanent dead link]
  6. ^ Thiam, Pierre; Sit, Jennifer (2015). "Senegal: Modern Senegalese Recipes from the Source to the Bowl". A System of Rice Production, Broken. Lake Isle Press.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference blackrice was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference india was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference cross was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ GRAIN (2009). "Nerica: another trap for small farmers in Africa" (PDF).
  11. ^ Sweeney, Megan; McCouch, Susan (2007). "The Complex History of the Domestication of Rice". Annals of Botany. 100 (5). Oxford University Press: 951–957. doi:10.1093/aob/mcm128. PMC 2759204. PMID 17617555. S2CID 14266565.

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