International outlaw motorcycle club
The Outlaws Motorcycle Club , incorporated as the American Outlaws Association or its acronym, A.O.A. , is an international outlaw motorcycle club . Founded in McCook, Illinois in 1935, the Outlaws MC is the oldest outlaw biker club in the world.[3] With 441 chapters located in 43 countries, and a membership of over 3,000, the club is also the third-largest in the world, behind the Hells Angels and the Bandidos .[5] [6] [8]
The club is designated an organized crime syndicate by numerous law enforcement and international intelligence agencies, including the United States Department of Justice , the Criminal Intelligence Service Canada , and Europol .[9] [10] [11]
^ a b The Infamous ‘One Percenters’: A Review of the Criminality, Subculture, and Structure of Modern Biker Gangs Danielle Shields (2012) Archived September 14, 2022, at the Wayback Machine
^ Bikers brought years of feuding -- and guns -- to town Michael Beebe and Dan Herbeck, The Buffalo News (October 2, 1994) Archived April 20, 2021, at archive.today
^ a b Walter Roberts (December 19, 2012). Biker Gangs . RW Press. ISBN 9781909284067 .
^ Ex-Chicago Outlaws Motorcycle Club boss Orvie Cochran gets early prison release Robert Herguth, Chicago Sun-Times (April 16, 2021) Archived September 18, 2022, at the Wayback Machine
^ a b Pharaoh's case isn't the first that linked an Outlaws leader to a witness' death Dan Herbeck, The Buffalo News (January 30, 2024) Archived January 30, 2024, at archive.today
^ a b Biker gang setting up shop? The Peterborough Examiner (November 10, 2010) Archived September 1, 2023, at the Wayback Machine
^ Accused international leader of Outlaws Motorcycle Club gets a court-appointed attorney Dan Herbeck, The Buffalo News (April 7, 2024) Archived April 8, 2024, at archive.today
^ Outlaws president resigns in disgust Peter Edwards, Toronto Star (30 March 2009) Archived September 18, 2022, at the Wayback Machine
^ "Motorcycle gang" . U.S. Department of Justice. Archived from the original on April 15, 2014. Retrieved January 23, 2010 .
^ 2003 Annual Report on Organized Crime in Canada Criminal Intelligence Service Canada (2003) Archived July 2, 2023, at the Wayback Machine
^ Outlaw motorcycle gangs Europol Archived September 18, 2022, at the Wayback Machine