Panare language

Panare
E’ñapa Woromaipu
Native toVenezuela
Regionjust south of the Orinoco River, Estado Bolívar
Ethnicity4,300 Panare people (2001 census)[1]
Native speakers
3,500 (2001 census)[1]
2,480 monolinguals (mostly women)[1]
Cariban
  • Venezuelan Carib
    • Pemóng–Panare
      • Panare
Language codes
ISO 639-3pbh
Glottologenap1235
ELPPanare

Panare is a Cariban language, spoken by the Panare, who number 3,000–4,000 and live in Bolivar State in central Venezuela. Their main area is South of the town of Caicara del Orinoco, south of the Orinoco River. There are several subdialects of the language. The autonym for this language and people is e'ñapá, which has various senses depending on context, including 'people', 'indigenous-people', and 'Panare-people'. The term "Panare" itself is a Tupí word that means "friend."[2] It is unusual in having object–verb–agent as one of its main word orders, the other being the more common verb–agent–object. It also displays the typologically uncommon property of an ergative–absolutive alignment in the non-perfective aspects and a nominative–accusative alignment in perfective aspect.

  1. ^ a b c Panare at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Payne, Thomas E. (1997). Describing morphosyntax: A guide for field linguists. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 13.

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