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Pancha Bhuta or Pancha Maha-Bhuta (Sanskrit: पञ्चभूत, पञ्चमहाभूत; pañca-mahā-bhūta), five great elements, also five physical elements, is a group of five basic elements, which, according to Hinduism, is the basis of all cosmic creation.[1] These elements are: Prithvi/Bhudevi (Sanskrit: पृथ्वी:, Earth), Apas/Varuna/Jala (Sanskrit: आपः, Water), Agni (Sanskrit: अग्नि, Fire), Vayu (Sanskrit: वायु:, Air), Akasha/Dyaus (Sanskrit: आकाश, Space/Atmosphere/Ether/Sky).[2] These elements have different characteristics and these also account for different faculties of human experience. In ayurveda and Indian philosophy, the human body is considered to be made of these five elements.[3] However, Cārvāka did not accept Akasha as basic element as it is not tangible and according to them, there are only four basic elements.[4] Hinduism influenced Buddhism, which accepts only four Mahābhūtas, viewing Akasha as a derived (upādā) element. These five elements of Indian cosmological system are similar but not identical to five element theory used in East Asia.[5]
- ^ Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.). India through the ages. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. 79.
- ^ www.wisdomlib.org (2019-01-28). "Story of Pañcabhūta". www.wisdomlib.org. Retrieved 2022-09-18.
- ^ Venkatesan, Satish (2013-03-01). Ayurvedic remedies: An introduction. Vyiha. ISBN 978-9881224149. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
- ^ Prasad Sinha, Harendra (2006). Bharatiya Darshan Ki Rooprekha. Motilal Banarsidass Publisher. p. 86. ISBN 9788120821446. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
- ^ Carroll, Cain (2012). Mudras of India. Singing Dragon. p. 18. ISBN 978-1848191099. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
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