Pelvic floor

The pelvic floor or pelvic diaphragm is an anatomical location in the human body,^[1] which has an important role in urinary and anal continence, sexual function and support of the pelvic organs.^[2] The pelvic floor includes muscles, both skeletal and smooth, ligaments and fascia.^[3] and separates between the pelvic cavity from above, and the perineum from below.^{[citation needed]} It is formed by the levator ani muscle and coccygeus muscle, and associated connective tissue.^[4]

The pelvic floor has two hiatuses (gaps): (anteriorly) the urogenital hiatus through which urethra and vagina pass, and (posteriorly) the rectal hiatus through which the anal canal passes.^[5]

^ Bordoni B, Sugumar K, Leslie SW (2023). "Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Pelvic Floor". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 29489277. Retrieved 2023-10-13.
^ Fernandes AC, Palacios-Ceña D, Hay-Smith J, Pena CC, Sidou MF, de Alencar AL, et al. (July 2021). "Women report sustained benefits from attending group-based education about pelvic floor muscles: a longitudinal qualitative study". Journal of Physiotherapy. 67 (3): 210–216. doi:10.1016/j.jphys.2021.06.010. PMID 34147398. S2CID 235492234.
^ Roch M, Gaudreault N, Cyr MP, Venne G, Bureau NJ, Morin M (August 2021). "The Female Pelvic Floor Fascia Anatomy: A Systematic Search and Review". Life. 11 (9): 900. Bibcode:2021Life...11..900R. doi:10.3390/life11090900. PMC 8467746. PMID 34575049.
^ "Pelvic Floor Muscles: Anatomy, Function & Conditions". Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved 2023-03-16.
^ Daftary S, Chakravarti S (2011). "Reproductive Anatomy". Manual of Obstetrics (3rd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 1–16. ISBN 978-81-312-2556-1.

[1] Bordoni B, Sugumar K, Leslie SW (2023). "Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Pelvic Floor". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 29489277. Retrieved 2023-10-13.

[2] Fernandes AC, Palacios-Ceña D, Hay-Smith J, Pena CC, Sidou MF, de Alencar AL, et al. (July 2021). "Women report sustained benefits from attending group-based education about pelvic floor muscles: a longitudinal qualitative study". Journal of Physiotherapy. 67 (3): 210–216. doi:10.1016/j.jphys.2021.06.010. PMID 34147398. S2CID 235492234.

[3] Roch M, Gaudreault N, Cyr MP, Venne G, Bureau NJ, Morin M (August 2021). "The Female Pelvic Floor Fascia Anatomy: A Systematic Search and Review". Life. 11 (9): 900. Bibcode:2021Life...11..900R. doi:10.3390/life11090900. PMC 8467746. PMID 34575049.

[4] "Pelvic Floor Muscles: Anatomy, Function & Conditions". Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved 2023-03-16.

[:0-5] Daftary S, Chakravarti S (2011). "Reproductive Anatomy". Manual of Obstetrics (3rd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 1–16. ISBN 978-81-312-2556-1.

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