Penna River

Penna
**Penneru**, **Penner**, **Pennar** or **Uttara Pinakini**
Penna; Penneru, Penner, Pennar or Uttara Pinakini
	Map showing the river
Location
Country	India
State	Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka
Region	South India
District	Chikkaballapur, Kolar, Tumkur, Sri Sathya Sai district, Kadapa and Nellore
Cities	Chikkaballapur, Gauribidanur, Hindupur, Ananthapur, Tadipatri Proddatur, Kadapa, Nellore
Physical characteristics
Source	South India
• location	13°21′N 77°36′E / 13.35°N 77.60°E, Chikkaballapur district, Nandi Hills, Karnataka, India
Mouth	Bay of Bengal
• location	14°35′N 80°08′E / 14.58°N 80.14°E, Nellore, Utukuru, Andhra Pradesh, India
• elevation	0 m (0 ft)
Length	597 km (371 mi)
Basin size	55,213 km2 (21,318 sq mi)
Discharge
• location	Nellore (1965–1979 average), max (1991)
• average	200.4 m3/s (7,080 cu ft/s)
• minimum	0 m3/s (0 cu ft/s)
• maximum	1,876 m3/s (66,300 cu ft/s)
Basin features
Tributaries
• left	Kunderu, Sagileru
• right	Jayamangali,Chitravathi, Papagni, Cheyyeru

Penna (also known as Pinakini, Penneru, Penner, Pennar, Pennai) is a river of southern India. This is a unique river in world where after originating from Nandi hills, it flows as two different streams, one in North and South directions. The Penna rises in the Nandi Hills in Chikkaballapur District of Karnataka state, and runs north and east through the states of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh to empty into bay of bengal in Andhra Pradesh. It is 597 kilometres (371 mi) long, with a drainage basin covering 55,213 km²:^[2] 6,937 km² in Karnataka and 48,276 km² in Andhra Pradesh. Along with this main stream there is another stream south towards Tamilnadu with the name Then Pennai or south Pennar which further moves towards the east to empty into the Bay of Bengal.The Penna river basin lies in the rain shadow region of Eastern Ghats and receives 500 mm average rainfall annually.

^ Kumar, Rakesh; Singh, R.D.; Sharma, K.D. (10 September 2005). "Water Resources of India" (PDF). Current Science. 89 (5). Bangalore: Current Science Association: 794–811. Retrieved 13 October 2013.
^ Garg, Santosh Kumar (1999). International and interstate river water disputes. Laxmi Publications. pp. 7–8. ISBN 978-81-7008-068-8. Retrieved 16 May 2011.

[1] Kumar, Rakesh; Singh, R.D.; Sharma, K.D. (10 September 2005). "Water Resources of India" (PDF). Current Science. 89 (5). Bangalore: Current Science Association: 794–811. Retrieved 13 October 2013.

[Garg1999-2] Garg, Santosh Kumar (1999). International and interstate river water disputes. Laxmi Publications. pp. 7–8. ISBN 978-81-7008-068-8. Retrieved 16 May 2011.

[1]

[2]