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| Pentastomida Temporal range:
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| Adult female Linguatula serrata | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Ichthyostraca |
| Subclass: | Pentastomida Diesing, 1836 |
| Orders | |
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see text | |
| Synonyms | |
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The Pentastomida are an enigmatic group of parasitic arthropods commonly known as tongue worms due to the resemblance of the species of the genus Linguatula to a vertebrate tongue; molecular studies point to them being highly-derived crustaceans.[1]
About 130 species of pentastomids are known; all are obligate parasites with correspondingly degenerate anatomy. Adult tongue worms vary from about 1 to 14 cm (0.4 to 5.5 in) in length, and parasitise the respiratory tracts of vertebrates. They have five anterior appendages. One is the mouth; the others are two pairs of hooks, which they use to attach to the host. This arrangement led to their scientific name, meaning "five openings", but although the appendages are similar in some species, only one is a mouth.
- ^ Lavrov, Dennis V.; Brown, Wesley M.; Boore, Jeffrey L. (7 March 2004). "Phylogenetic position of the Pentastomida and (pan)crustacean relationships". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. 271 (1538): 537–544. doi:10.1098/rspb.2003.2631. PMC 1691615. PMID 15129965.
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