Picornavirus

Picornaviridae
	Electronmicrograph of poliovirus
	Isosurface of a human rhinovirus showing protein spikes
Virus classification
(unranked):	Virus
Realm:	Riboviria
Kingdom:	Orthornavirae
Phylum:	Pisuviricota
Class:	Pisoniviricetes
Order:	Picornavirales
Family:	Picornaviridae
Genera
	See text

Picornaviruses are a group of related nonenveloped RNA viruses which infect vertebrates including fish,^[2] mammals, and birds. They are viruses that represent a large family of small, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses with a 30 nm icosahedral capsid. The viruses in this family can cause a range of diseases including the common cold, poliomyelitis, meningitis, hepatitis, and paralysis.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

Picornaviruses constitute the family Picornaviridae, order Picornavirales, and realm Riboviria. There are 158 species in this family, assigned to 68 genera. Notable examples are genera Enterovirus (including Rhinovirus and Poliovirus), Aphthovirus, Cardiovirus, and Hepatovirus.^[1]^[7]

^ ^a ^b "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
^ Altan E, Kubiski SV, Boros Á, Reuter G, Sadeghi M, Deng X, Creighton EK, Crim MJ, Delwart E (2019). "A highly divergent picornavirus infecting the Gut Epithelia of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) in research institutions worldwide". Zebrafish. 16 (3): 291–299. doi:10.1089/zeb.2018.1710. PMID 30939077. S2CID 92999901.
^ Ryu WS (2016). "Chapter 11 – Picornavirus". Molecular virology of human pathogenic viruses. Korea: Academic Press. pp. 153–64. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800838-6.00011-4. ISBN 978-0-12-800838-6.
^ "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
^ Martinez-Salas E, Saiz M, Sobrino F (2008). "Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus". In Mettenleiter TC, Sobrino F (eds.). Animal Viruses: Molecular Biology. Norfolk, UK: Caister Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-22-6.
^ Lau SK, Woo PC, Lai KK, Huang Y, Yip CC, Shek CT, Lee P, Lam CS, Chan KH, Yuen KY (September 2011). "Complete genome analysis of three novel picornaviruses from diverse bat species". Journal of Virology. 85 (17): 8819–28. doi:10.1128/JVI.02364-10. PMC 3165794. PMID 21697464.
^ "Picornaviridae - Picornaviridae - Picornavirales". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Archived from the original on 21 September 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2020.