Picric acid

Picric acid
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol
	Systematic IUPAC name 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenol
	Other names Picric acid; Carbazotic acid; Phenol trinitrate; Picronitric acid; Trinitrophenol; 2,4,6-Trinitro-1-phenol; 2-Hydroxy-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene; TNP; Melinite; Lyddite
Identifiers
CAS Number	88-89-1 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:46149 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL108541 ;
ChemSpider	6688 ;
DrugBank	DB03651 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.001.696
PubChem CID	6954;
RTECS number	TJ7875000;
UNII	A49OS0F91S ;
UN number	UN1344
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID4025909 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C6H3N3O7/c10-6-4(8(13)14)1-3(7(11)12)2-5(6)9(15)16/h1-2,10H Key: OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C6H3N3O7/c10-6-4(8(13)14)1-3(7(11)12)2-5(6)9(15)16/h1-2,10H Key: OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYAM;
	SMILES O=[N+]([O-])c1cc(cc([N+]([O-])=O)c1O)[N+]([O-])=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	C6H3N3O7
Molar mass	229.10 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless to yellow solid
Density	1.763 g·cm−3, solid
Melting point	122.5 °C (252.5 °F; 395.6 K)
Boiling point	> 300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) Detonates
Solubility in water	12.7 g·L−1
Vapor pressure	1 mmHg (195 °C)
Acidity (pKa)	0.38
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-84.34·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	explosive
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Hazard statements	H206, H302, H311, H331
Precautionary statements	P210, P212, P230, P233, P280, P370+P380+P375, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 4 4
Flash point	150 °C; 302 °F; 423 K
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LDLo (lowest published)	100 mg/kg (guinea pig, oral); 250 mg/kg (cat, oral); 120 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 0.1 mg/m3 [skin]
REL (Recommended)	TWA 0.1 mg/m3 ST 0.3 mg/m3 [skin]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	75 mg/m3
Explosive data
Detonation velocity	7,350 m·s−1 at ρ 1.70
RE factor	1.20
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Picric acid is an organic compound with the formula (O₂N)₃C₆H₂OH. Its IUPAC name is 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP). The name "picric" comes from Greek: πικρός (pikros), meaning "bitter", due to its bitter taste. It is one of the most acidic phenols. Like other strongly nitrated organic compounds, picric acid is an explosive, which is its primary use. It has also been used as medicine (antiseptic, burn treatments) and as a dye.

^ ^a ^b Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 691. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0515". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ "Picric acid". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[iupac2013-1] Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 691. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.

[PGCH-2] NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0515". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[3] "Picric acid". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[1]

[2]

[3]

Names


Preferred IUPAC name 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol^[1]
Systematic IUPAC name 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenol
Other names Picric acid^[1] Carbazotic acid Phenol trinitrate Picronitric acid Trinitrophenol 2,4,6-Trinitro-1-phenol 2-Hydroxy-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene TNP Melinite Lyddite
Identifiers
CAS Number	88-89-1^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:46149^Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL108541^Y
ChemSpider	6688^Y
DrugBank	DB03651^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.001.696
PubChem CID	6954
RTECS number	TJ7875000
UNII	A49OS0F91S^Y
UN number	UN1344
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID4025909
InChI InChI=1S/C6H3N3O7/c10-6-4(8(13)14)1-3(7(11)12)2-5(6)9(15)16/h1-2,10H^Y Key: OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y InChI=1/C6H3N3O7/c10-6-4(8(13)14)1-3(7(11)12)2-5(6)9(15)16/h1-2,10H Key: OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYAM
SMILES O=[N+]([O-])c1cc(cc([N+]([O-])=O)c1O)[N+]([O-])=O
Properties
Chemical formula	C₆H₃N₃O₇
Molar mass	229.10 g·mol⁻¹
Appearance	Colorless to yellow solid
Density	1.763 g·cm⁻³, solid
Melting point	122.5 °C (252.5 °F; 395.6 K)
Boiling point	> 300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) Detonates
Solubility in water	12.7 g·L⁻¹
Vapor pressure	1 mmHg (195 °C)^[2]
Acidity (pK_a)	0.38
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-84.34·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	explosive
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Hazard statements	H206, H302, H311, H331
Precautionary statements	P210, P212, P230, P233, P280, P370+P380+P375, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 4 4
Flash point	150 °C; 302 °F; 423 K^[2]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD_Lo (lowest published)	100 mg/kg (guinea pig, oral) 250 mg/kg (cat, oral) 120 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)^[3]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 0.1 mg/m³ [skin]
REL (Recommended)	TWA 0.1 mg/m³ ST 0.3 mg/m³ [skin]^[2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	75 mg/m³^[2]
Explosive data
Detonation velocity	7,350 m·s⁻¹ at ρ 1.70
RE factor	1.20
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is ^YN ?) Infobox references