In China, the term new energy vehicle (NEV) is used to designate automobiles that are fully or predominantly powered by electric energy, which include plug-in electric vehicles—battery electric vehicles (BEVs) , plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) 「also include extended-range electric vehicles (EREVs)」—and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV).[1][2] The Chinese government began implementation of its NEV program in 2009 to foster the development and introduction of new energy vehicles,[1] and electric car buyers are eligible for public subsidies.
The stock of new energy passenger vehicles in mainland China is the largest in the world, with 20.41 million plug-in cars in use at the end of 2023, accounting for 91% of all vehicles in circulation in China. All-electric cars account for 93% of the plug-in vehicle market. Sales in 2023 totaled 7.4 million units with a market share of 30.2% of total new car registrations, ranking as the world's largest sales volume that year.[3]
Sales of new energy vehicles since 2011 passed the 500,000 unit milestone in March 2016, and the 1 million mark in early 2017, both, excluding imports.[4][5] Cumulative sales of new energy passenger cars achieved the 500,000 unit milestone in September 2016, and 1 million by the end of 2017.[6][7] Domestically produced passenger cars account for 96% of new energy car sales in China.[7][8]
China also dominates the plug-in light commercial vehicle and electric bus deployment, with its stock reaching over 500,000 buses in 2019, 98% of the global stock, and 247,500 electric light commercial vehicles, 65% of the global fleet.[citation needed] In addition, the country also leads sales of medium- and heavy duty electric trucks, with over 12,000 trucks sold, and nearly all battery electric.[9]
China has been the world's best-selling plug-in electric passenger car market for nine years running, from 2015 to 2023, with annual sales rising from more than 207,000 plug-in passenger cars in 2015, to 579,000 in 2017, and just over 7 million units in 2023.[9] A particular feature of the Chinese passenger plug-in market is the dominance of small entry level vehicles, in 2015 representing 87% of total pure electric car sales, while 96% of total plug-in hybrid car sales were in the compact segment.[10]
The government's political support for the adoption of electric vehicles has four goals, to create a world-leading industry that would produce jobs and exports; energy security to reduce its oil dependence which comes from the Middle East; to reduce urban air pollution; and to reduce its carbon emissions.[11] In June 2012 the State Council of China published a plan to develop the domestic energy-saving and new energy vehicle industry. The plan set a sales target of 500,000 new energy vehicles by 2015 and 5 million by 2020.[12] As sales of new energy vehicles were slower than expected, in September 2013, the central government introduced a subsidy scheme providing a maximum of US$9,800 toward the purchase of an all-electric passenger vehicle and up to US$81,600 for an electric bus.[13]
- ^ a b PRTM Management Consultants, Inc. (April 2011). "The China New Energy Vehicles Program – Challenges and Opportunities" (PDF). World Bank. Retrieved 19 June 2020. See Acronyms and Key Terms, pp. v
- ^ Samuel Shen, Norihiko Shirouzu (22 November 2013). "Electric vs. Hydrogen: China Is Battleground for Auto Giants". Reuters. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
- ^ Monika (15 January 2024). "China has 20.41 million new energy vehicles running on roads by end of 2023". Gasgoo Autonews. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
By the end of 2023, the total number of new energy vehicles (NEVs) in China reached 20.41 million units, constituting 6.07% of the entire automobile fleet. Among these, pure electric vehicles accounted for 15.52 million units, making up 76.04% of the total NEV count
- ^ Automotive News China (16 January 2018). "Electrified vehicle sales surge 53% in 2017". Automotive News China. Retrieved 22 May 2020. Chinese sales of domestically-built new energy vehicles in 2017 totaled 777,000, consisting of 652,000 all-electric vehicles and 125,000 plug-in hybrid vehicles. Sales of domestically-produced new energy passenger vehicles totaled 579,000 units, consisting of 468,000 all-electric cars and 111,000 plug-in hybrids. Only domestically built all-electric vehicles, plug-in hybrids and fuel cell vehicles qualify for government subsidies in China.
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