Pope Eugene IV

Pope

Eugene IV
Pope; Eugene IV
Bishop of Rome
	Portrait by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, after an original by Jean Fouquet
Church	Catholic Church
Papacy began	11 March 1431
Papacy ended	23 February 1447
Predecessor	Martin V
Successor	Nicholas V
Orders
Consecration	1408; by Gregory XII
Created cardinal	9 May 1408; by Gregory XII
Personal details
Born	Gabriele Condulmer; 1383; Venice, Republic of Venice
Died	23 February 1447 (aged 63–64); Rome, Papal States
Previous post(s)	Bishop of Siena (1407–1408); Cardinal-Priest of San Clemente (1408–1426); Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria in Trastevere (1426–1431);
Coat of arms
	Other popes named Eugene

Pope Eugene IV (Latin: Eugenius IV; Italian: Eugenio IV; 1383 – 23 February 1447), born Gabriele Condulmer, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 11 March 1431 to his death, in February 1447. Condulmer was a Venetian, and a nephew of Pope Gregory XII. In 1431, he was elected pope.

His tenure was marked by conflict first with the Colonna, relatives of his predecessor Pope Martin V, and later with the Conciliar movement. In 1434, due to a complaint by Fernando Calvetos, bishop of the Canary Islands, Eugene IV issued the bull "Creator Omnium", rescinding any recognition of Portugal's right to conquer those islands, rescinding any right to Christianize the natives of the island. He excommunicated anyone who enslaved newly converted Christians, the penalty to stand until the captives were restored to their liberty and possessions. In 1443, Eugene decided to take a neutral position on territorial disputes between Castile and Portugal and regarding rights claimed along the coast of Africa. In 1444, he issued "Dudum ad nostram audientiam", which was the legal basis for the creation of Jewish ghettos in Europe.