Pope Lucius III

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Pope Lucius III
Bishop of Rome
Depiction of Lucius III from the Liber ad honorem Augusti by Peter of Eboli (1196)
Church	Catholic Church
Papacy began	1 September 1181
Papacy ended	25 November 1185
Predecessor	Alexander III
Successor	Urban III
Orders
Consecration	1159
Created cardinal	December 1138 by Innocent II
Personal details
Born	Ubaldo Allucingoli c. 1100 Lucca, March of Tuscany, Holy Roman Empire
Died	25 November 1185(1185-11-25) (aged 84–85) Verona, Holy Roman Empire
Previous post(s)	Cardinal-Deacon of San Adriano (1138–41) Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prassede (1141–58) Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia e Velletri (1158–81) Legate to Constantinople (1167–69)
Other popes named Lucius

Pope Lucius III (c. 1100 – 25 November 1185), born Ubaldo Allucingoli, reigned from 1 September 1181 to his death in 1185. Born of an aristocratic family of Lucca, prior to being elected pope, he had a long career as a papal diplomat. His papacy was marked by conflicts with Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I, his exile from Rome and the initial preparations for the Third Crusade.

Born in Lucca, Ubaldo Allucingoli rose to prominence within the Catholic Church, eventually becoming Pope Lucius III. He was appointed cardinal by Pope Innocent II and served as legate in France, Sicily, and other regions. He was involved in negotiating the Treaty of Venice in 1177 and was elected pope in 1181.

During his papacy, Lucius III faced disputes with the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I over the territories of the late Countess Matilda of Tuscany. He also held a synod in 1184 that condemned various heretical groups, though he did not establish the Inquisition. In 1185, preparations began for the Third Crusade, but Lucius III died in Verona before they were completed.