Colombia , officially the Republic of Colombia , is a country primarily located in South America with insular regions in North America . The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela to the east and northeast, Brazil to the southeast, Ecuador and Peru to the south and southwest, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and Panama to the northwest. Colombia is divided into 32 departments . The Capital District of Bogotá is also the country's largest city hosting the main financial and cultural hub. Other major urbes include Medellín , Cali , Barranquilla , Cartagena , Santa Marta , Cúcuta , Ibagué , Villavicencio and Bucaramanga . It covers an area of 1,141,748 square kilometers (440,831 sq mi) and has a population of around 52 million. Its rich cultural heritage —including language, religion, cuisine, and art—reflects its history as a colony, fusing cultural elements brought by immigration from Europe and the Middle East , with those brought by the African diaspora , as well as with those of the various Indigenous civilizations that predate colonization. Spanish is the official language , although Creole, English and 64 other languages are recognized regionally.
Colombia has been home to many indigenous peoples and cultures since at least 12,000 BCE. The Spanish first landed in La Guajira in 1499, and by the mid-16th century, they had colonized much of present-day Colombia, and established the New Kingdom of Granada , with Santa Fé de Bogotá as its capital. Independence from the Spanish Empire was achieved in 1819, with what is now Colombia emerging as the United Provinces of New Granada . The new polity experimented with federalism as the Granadine Confederation (1858) and then the United States of Colombia (1863), before becoming a republic—the current Republic of Colombia—in 1886. With the backing of the United States and France, Panama seceded from Colombia in 1903, resulting in Colombia's present borders. Beginning in the 1960s, the country has suffered from an asymmetric low-intensity armed conflict and political violence, both of which escalated in the 1990s. Since 2005, there has been significant improvement in security, stability, and rule of law, as well as unprecedented economic growth and development. Colombia is recognized for its healthcare system , being the best healthcare in Latin America according to the World Health Organization and 22nd in the world. Its diversified economy is the third-largest in South America, with macroeconomic stability and favorable long-term growth prospects.
Colombia is one of the world's seventeen megadiverse countries ; it has the highest level of biodiversity per square mile in the world and the second-highest level overall. Its territory encompasses Amazon rainforest , highlands , grasslands and deserts . It is the only country in South America with coastlines (and islands) along both the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Colombia is a key member of major global and regional organizations including the UN , the WTO , the OECD , the OAS , the Pacific Alliance and the Andean Community ; it is also a NATO Global Partner and a major non-NATO ally of the United States . (Full article... )
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Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll ( shə-KEER -ə , Spanish: [ʃaˈkiɾa isaˈβel meβaˈɾak riˈpol] ; born 2 February 1977), known mononymously as Shakira , is a Colombian singer and songwriter. Born and raised in Barranquilla , she has been referred to as the "Queen of Latin Music " and has been praised for her musical versatility. She made her recording debut with Sony Music Colombia at the age of 13. Following the commercial failure of her first two albums, Magia (1991) and Peligro (1993), she rose to prominence in Hispanic countries with her next albums, Pies Descalzos (1995) and Dónde Están los Ladrones? (1998). She entered the English-language market with her fifth album, Laundry Service (2001), which sold over 13 million copies worldwide. Buoyed by the international success of her singles "Whenever, Wherever " and "Underneath Your Clothes ", the album propelled her reputation as a leading crossover artist and is the best-selling album of all time by a female Latin artist.
Her success was further solidified with the Spanish-language albums
Fijación Oral, Vol. 1 (2005),
Sale el Sol (2010),
El Dorado (2017), and
Las Mujeres Ya No Lloran (2024), all of which topped the
Billboard Top Latin Albums chart, making her the first woman with number-one albums across four different decades. Meanwhile, her English-language albums
Oral Fixation, Vol. 2 (2005),
She Wolf (2009), and
Shakira (2014) received platinum certifications in various countries worldwide. Some of her songs have reached number-one on the charts in multiple countries, including "
Ciega, Sordomuda ", "
Whenever, Wherever ", "
La Tortura ", "
Hips Don't Lie ", "
Beautiful Liar ", "
She Wolf ", "
Waka Waka (This Time for Africa) ", "
Loca ", "
Rabiosa ", "
Can't Remember to Forget You ", "
Dare (La La La) ", "
La Bicicleta ", "
Chantaje ", "
Te Felicito ", "
Bzrp Music Sessions, Vol. 53 ", and "
TQG ". Outside of music, Shakira served as a coach on two seasons of the American singing competition television series
The Voice (2013–2014), had a voice role in the animated film
Zootopia (2016), and executive produced and judged the dance competition series
Dancing with Myself (2022). (
Full article... )
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The following are images from various Colombia-related articles on Wikipedia.
Image 1 A sculpture by Colombian painter and sculptor
Fernando Botero in
Jerusalem (from
Culture of Colombia )
Image 2 Mola fabric produced by the indigenous
Kuna people (from
Colombian handicrafts )
Image 3 Villa de Leyva , a historical and cultural landmark of Colombia (from
Culture of Colombia )
Image 4 Major areas of pre-Columbian civilization in the Americas:
(from
History of Colombia )
Image 5 Natural regions of Colombia.
Amazon Region
Andean Region
Caribbean Region
Insular Region
Orinoquía Region
Pacific Region
(from
Culture of Colombia )
Image 6 Ruana garments and pottery ornaments in
Ráquira (from
Colombian handicrafts )
Image 10 The
Cartagena Film Festival is the oldest cinema event in Latin America. The central focus is on films from Ibero-America. (from
Culture of Colombia )
Image 13 The
Pasto Lacquer is a decorative handicraft of
precolumbian origin, that uses a type of natural rubber (the
resin of the
Mopa-mopa tree, Elavagia pastoensis Mora) which is colored and then stretched over woodwork pieces. (from
Colombian handicrafts )
Image 15 Colombia's peace protests. 2007. (from
History of Colombia )
Image 16 The
arhuaca mochila is a popular Colombian artisan bag. (from
Culture of Colombia )
Image 17 Cathedral in downtown Bogota, heritage of
Spanish architecture (from
Culture of Colombia )
Image 18 Location map of the pre-Columbian cultures of Colombia (from
History of Colombia )
Image 19 The main leader of the Muisca on the
Bogotá savanna at the time of conquest was
Tisquesusa . He led numerous efforts to resist Spanish invasion but was eventually killed in battle. His nephew.
Sagipa . succeeded him and soon submitted to the conquistadors. (from
History of Colombia )
Image 21 Fabrication of
Tiples is traditional in
Chiquinquirá (from
Colombian handicrafts )
Image 22 Cutlet "
Valluna ", a typical dish of the
Valle del Cauca region of Colombia and the Afro-Colombian culture of the area near the Pacífic Ocean. It includes a
milanesa , usually prepared with a lean pork loin beef or chicken can also be used. Traditional accompaniments include rice, sliced tomatoes, onions, chopped fried plantains or fries and a drink called "
Lulada " made with
lulo fruit, water and sugar (from
Culture of Colombia )
Image 23 Colombian fans at the 2014 FIFA World Cup (from
Culture of Colombia )
Image 24 The
Teatro de Cristóbal Colón (The Christopher Columbus Theatre), also known as the "Teatro Colón", is located in Bogotá, Colombia and it is the nation's National Theatre. (from
Culture of Colombia )
Image 25 An example of folkloric dancing in Colombia (from
Culture of Colombia )
Image 26 Shopping mall in
Barranquilla (from
Culture of Colombia )
Image 27 The
vueltiao hat , a handicraft of the Zenú people, is a national symbol (from
Culture of Colombia )
Image 28 Modern mall in
Bogotá (from
Culture of Colombia )
Image 29 A sombrero vueltiao (from
Culture of Colombia )
Largest cities or towns in Colombia According to the 2018 Census
[ 2]
Rank
Name
Department
Pop.
Rank
Name
Department
Pop.
Bogotá Medellín
1
Bogotá
Distrito Capital
7,387,400
11
Ibagué
Tolima
492,554
Cali
2
Medellín
Antioquia
2,382,399
12
Villavicencio
Meta
492,052
3
Cali
Valle del Cauca
2,172,527
13
Santa Marta
Magdalena
455,299
4
Barranquilla
Atlántico
1,205,284
14
Valledupar
Cesar
431,794
5
Cartagena
Bolívar
876,885
15
Manizales
Caldas
405,234
6
Cúcuta
Norte de Santander
685,445
16
Montería
Córdoba
388,499
7
Soacha
Cundinamarca
655,025
17
Pereira
Risaralda
385,838
8
Soledad
Atlántico
602,644
18
Neiva
Huila
335,994
9
Bucaramanga
Santander
570,752
19
Pasto
Nariño
308,095
10
Bello
Antioquia
495,483
20
Armenia
Quindío
287,245
^ "ARC" stands for "Armada Nacional de la República de Colombia."
^ "Largest cities" (PDF) . Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadistica (DANE). Retrieved 10 February 2020 .
Mixed arts Film/theater/literature Traditional/regional Carnival in Colombia Music festivals
Pop/mixed Rock Folk EDM Discontinued
Related events
Treasures of Colombia
Architectural, artistic and archaeological treasures
National natural parks and treasures
Source:
Wills, Fernando; et al. (2001). Nuestro patrimonio – 100 tesoros de Colombia [Our heritage – 100 treasures of Colombia ] (in Spanish). El Tiempo . pp. 1–311. ISBN 958-8089-16-6 .
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Mariana Córdoba (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by PK2 (talk · contribs · new pages (43) ) started on 2024-08-26, score: 30
Miss International Queen 2017 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 2001:FB1:114:598A:C137:D478:190C:C33E (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Miss International Queen 2021 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 171.97.87.35 (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Miss International Queen 2011 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 171.97.87.35 (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Miss International Queen 2010 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 171.97.87.35 (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Miss International Queen 2006 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 171.97.87.35 (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Miss International Queen 2005 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 171.97.87.35 (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Miss International Queen 2004 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 171.97.87.35 (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Miss International Queen 2009 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 171.97.87.35 (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Miss International Queen 2012 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 171.97.87.35 (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Miss International Queen 2014 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 171.97.87.35 (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Miss International Queen 2015 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 171.97.87.35 (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Miss International Queen 2016 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 171.97.87.35 (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Miss International Queen 2018 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 171.97.87.35 (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Miss International Queen 2019 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 171.97.87.35 (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Miss International Queen 2007 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by 171.97.87.35 (talk · contribs · new pages (0) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 26
Crotalus durissus cumanensis (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by LightsUnderTheMoon (talk · contribs · new pages (9) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 30
2015 World Youth Championships in Athletics – Girls' javelin throw (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Stojan212 (talk · contribs · new pages (29) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 30
2015 World Youth Championships in Athletics – Girls' hammer throw (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Stojan212 (talk · contribs · new pages (29) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 30
2015 World Youth Championships in Athletics – Boys' hammer throw (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Stojan212 (talk · contribs · new pages (29) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 30
2015 World Youth Championships in Athletics – Boys' discus throw (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Stojan212 (talk · contribs · new pages (29) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 30
2015 World Youth Championships in Athletics – Girls' discus throw (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Stojan212 (talk · contribs · new pages (29) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 30
Víctor Roqueme Quiñonez (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Alon9393 (talk · contribs · new pages (2) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 30
Salim Hanna (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by GiuliaCR (talk · contribs · new pages (2) ) started on 2024-08-25, score: 30
Luisa Tejada (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by MoviesandTelevisionFan (talk · contribs · new pages (49) ) started on 2024-08-24, score: 50
2015 World Youth Championships in Athletics – Girls' shot put (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Stojan212 (talk · contribs · new pages (29) ) started on 2024-08-24, score: 30
Phrygionis polita (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Edibobb (talk · contribs · new pages (137) ) started on 2024-08-24, score: 30
No net loss environmental policy (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Robert McClenon (talk · contribs · new pages (10) ) started on 2024-08-22, score: 30
2005 in Colombia (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Mason7512 (talk · contribs · new pages (12) ) started on 2024-08-22, score: 50
Guillermo Reyes (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Boud (talk · contribs · new pages (11) ) started on 2024-08-22, score: 30
2015 World Youth Championships in Athletics – Boys' pole vault (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Stojan212 (talk · contribs · new pages (29) ) started on 2024-08-22, score: 30
2015 World Youth Championships in Athletics – Girls' pole vault (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Stojan212 (talk · contribs · new pages (29) ) started on 2024-08-22, score: 30
2015 World Youth Championships in Athletics – Girls' high jump (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Stojan212 (talk · contribs · new pages (29) ) started on 2024-08-22, score: 30
List of kidnappings: 2000–2009 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Tollens (talk · contribs · new pages (9) ) started on 2024-08-22, score: 26
List of kidnappings: 1990–1999 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Tollens (talk · contribs · new pages (9) ) started on 2024-08-22, score: 44
List of kidnappings: 1980–1989 (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Tollens (talk · contribs · new pages (9) ) started on 2024-08-22, score: 26
2004 in Colombia (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Mason7512 (talk · contribs · new pages (12) ) started on 2024-08-22, score: 30
Yeimar Mosquera (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by FocusedOnFootball (talk · contribs · new pages (1) ) started on 2024-08-21, score: 40
2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup squads (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by SuperJew (talk · contribs · new pages (18) ) started on 2024-08-21, score: 27
1973 Aerocondor Lockheed L-188 Electra crash (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by ArthurGilf0rd (talk · contribs · new pages (3) ) started on 2024-08-12, score: 50
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Embassy of Algeria, Bogotá
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Embassy of Belarus, Bogotá
Embassy of Belgium, Bogotá
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Embassy of Chile, Bogotá
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Embassy of Costa Rica, Bogotá
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Embassy of the Czech Republic, Bogotá
Embassy of Denmark, Bogotá [da ]
Embassy of the Dominican Republic, Bogotá
Embassy of Ecuador, Bogotá
Embassy of El Salvador, Bogotá
Embassy of Egypt, Bogotá
Embassy of Finland, Bogotá [fi ]
Embassy of France, Bogotá [fr ]
Embassy of Germany, Bogotá [de ]
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Embassy of Haiti, Bogotá
Embassy of Hungary, Bogotá
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Embassy of India, Bogotá
Embassy of Iran, Bogotá
Embassy of the Jamaica, Bogotá
Embassy of Japan, Bogotá [ja ]
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Embassy of Morocco, Bogotá
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Embassy of Nicaragua, Bogotá
Embassy of Panama, Bogotá
Embassy of Paraguay, Bogotá
Embassy of Peru, Bogotá
Embassy of Poland, Bogotá [pl ]
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Embassy of Qatar, Bogotá
Embassy of Romania, Bogotá
Embassy of Russia, Bogotá
Embassy of Sahrawi Republic, Bogotá
Embassy of Saudi Arabia, Bogotá
Embassy of South Korea, Bogotá [ko ]
Embassy of Spain, Bogotá [es ]
Embassy of Sweden, Bogotá [sv ]
Embassy of Switzerland, Bogotá
Embassy of Turkey, Bogotá
Embassy of United Arab Emirates, Bogotá
Embassy of United States, Bogotá
Embassy of United Kingdom, Bogotá
Embassy of Uruguay, Bogotá
Embassy of Venezuela, Bogotá
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