An orthographic projection of Oceania
Oceania ( OH -s(h)ee-AH -nee-ə, -AY - , OH -shee-A(H)N -ee-ə ) is a geographical region including Australasia , Melanesia , Micronesia , and Polynesia . Outside of the English-speaking world, Oceania is generally considered a continent , while Australia is regarded as an island or a continental landmass contained inside of the larger continent of Oceania. Spanning the Eastern and Western Hemispheres , at the centre of the water hemisphere , Oceania is estimated to have a land area of about 9,000,000 square kilometres (3,500,000 sq mi) and a population of around 44.4 million as of 2022. When compared to the continents (which it is often compared to, not including Australia), Oceania is the smallest in land area and the second-least populated after Antarctica .
Oceania has a diverse mix of economies from the highly developed and globally competitive financial markets of Australia , French Polynesia , Hawaii , New Caledonia , and New Zealand , which rank high in quality of life and Human Development Index , to the much less developed economies of Kiribati , Papua New Guinea , Tuvalu , Vanuatu , and Western New Guinea , while also including medium-sized economies of Pacific islands such as Fiji , Palau , and Tonga . The largest and most populous country in Oceania is Australia, and the largest city is Sydney . Puncak Jaya in Highland Papua , Indonesia , is the highest peak in Oceania at 4,884 m (16,024 ft).
The arrival of European settlers in subsequent centuries resulted in a significant alteration in the social and political landscape of Oceania. The Pacific theatre saw major action during the First World War with the Japanese occupying many German territories. During the Second World War , Allied powers including the United States , the Philippines (a U.S. Commonwealth at the time), and Australia fought against Axis power Japan across various locations in Oceania. (Full article... )
Hawaii ( hə-WY -ee ; Hawaiian : Hawaiʻi [həˈvɐjʔi, həˈwɐjʔi] ) is an island state of the United States , in the Pacific Ocean about 2,000 miles (3,200 km) southwest of the U.S. mainland. It is the only state not on the North American mainland, the only state that is an archipelago , and the only state in the tropics .
Hawaii consists of 137
volcanic islands that comprise almost the entire
Hawaiian archipelago (the exception, which is outside the state, is
Midway Atoll ). Spanning 1,500 miles (2,400 km), the state is
physiographically and
ethnologically part of the
Polynesian subregion of Oceania. Hawaii's ocean coastline is consequently the
fourth-longest in the U.S. , at about 750 miles (1,210 km). The eight main islands, from northwest to southeast, are
Niʻihau ,
Kauaʻi ,
Oʻahu ,
Molokaʻi ,
Lānaʻi ,
Kahoʻolawe ,
Maui , and
Hawaiʻi , after which the state is named; the latter is often called the "Big Island" or "Hawaii Island" to avoid confusion with the state or archipelago. The uninhabited
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands make up most of the
Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument , the
largest protected area in the U.S. and the
fourth-largest in the world. (
Full article... )
List of geographic articles
The following are images from various Oceania-related articles on Wikipedia.
Image 1 German trading station at
Jaluit Atoll with a Marshallese
korkor outrigger canoe in the foreground (from
Micronesia )
Image 2 Cinder plain of
Mount Yasur in
Vanuatu (from
Melanesia )
Image 3 Carving from the ridgepole of a
Māori house, ca 1840 (from
Polynesia )
Image 4 Map showing the migration and expansion of the
Austronesians which began at about 3000 BC from
Taiwan . The Polynesian branch is shown in green. (from
Polynesia )
Image 5 Subregions (
Melanesia ,
Micronesia ,
Polynesia and
Australasia ), as well as sovereign and dependent islands of
Oceania (from
Micronesia )
Image 6 Polynesia is one of three major cultural areas of the
Pacific Ocean islands , along with
Melanesia and
Micronesia . (from
Polynesia )
Image 7 Map of Melanesia, showing its location within Oceania (from
Melanesia )
Image 8 Melanesia is one of three major cultural areas of the
Pacific Ocean islands , along with
Micronesia and
Polynesia . (from
Melanesia )
Image 9 Polynesia is generally defined as the islands within the
Polynesian Triangle . (from
Polynesia )
Image 10 Micronesia is one of three major cultural areas of the
Pacific Ocean islands , along with
Melanesia and
Polynesia . (from
Micronesia )
Image 11 Australia's concept of Australasia, which includes Australia, New Zealand and, in this case,
Melanesia (from
Australasia )
Image 12 A depiction of a royal
heiau (Hawaiian temple) at
Kealakekua Bay , c. 1816 (from
Polynesia )
Image 13 Moai at Ahu Tongariki on
Rapa Nui (from
Polynesia )
Image 14 Subregions (
Melanesia ,
Micronesia , Polynesia, and
Australasia ), as well as sovereign and dependent islands of
Oceania (from
Polynesia )
Image 15 Polynesians with
outrigger canoes at
Waikiki Beach ,
Oahu Island , early 20th century (from
Polynesia )
Image 16 The arrival of
Abel Tasman in
Tongatapu , 1643; drawing by
Isaack Gilsemans (from
Polynesia )
Image 17 Chronological dispersal of
Austronesian peoples across the
Indo-Pacific (from
Micronesia )
Image 18 Mount Marpi in
Saipan . (from
Micronesia )
Image 19 Chronological dispersal of
Austronesian peoples across the
Indo-Pacific (from
Melanesia )
Image 20 Mokoliʻi Isle near
Oahu ,
Hawaii (from
Polynesia )
Image 21 Sailors of Melanesia in the
Pacific Ocean , 1846 (from
Melanesia )
Image 22 Canoe carving on
Nanumea atoll, Tuvalu (from
Polynesia )
Image 23 Aerial view of
Solomon Islands (from
Melanesia )
Image 25 Chamorro people in 1915 (from
Micronesia )
Image 26 A pan flute from
Solomon Islands , 19th century (from
Melanesia )
Image 27 Cook's Bay on
Moorea ,
French Polynesia (from
Polynesia )
Image 28 Painting of
Tahitian Women on the Beach by
Paul Gauguin —
Musée d'Orsay (from
Polynesia )
Image 29 Grinding stones discovered from
archaeology in Samoa (from
Polynesia )
Image 32 Outline of sovereign (dark orange) and dependent islands (bright orange) (from
Micronesia )
Image 33 Languages of Micronesia. (from
Micronesia )
Image 34 Beach scenery at
Laura ,
Majuro , Marshall Islands (from
Micronesia )
Image 35 German New Guinea before and after the German-Spanish treaty of 1899 (from
Micronesia )
Image 36 A common fishing canoe
va'a with outrigger in
Savaiʻi island,
Samoa , 2009 (from
Polynesia )
Image 37 Māori
war canoe drawn after
James Cook 's voyage to New Zealand. (from
Polynesia )
Image 39 Kili Island is one of the smallest islands in the
Marshall Islands . (from
Micronesia )
Image 40 The Polynesian spread of colonization in the Pacific (from
Polynesia )
Image 41 An illustration of the Cross Spikes Club of the US Navy on
Bikini Atoll , one of several Marshall Islands used for
atomic bomb tests . (from
Micronesia )
Image 42 On February 14, 1779, Capt.
James Cook was killed on the island of Hawaii (from
Polynesia )
Image 43 Outline of sovereign (dark orange) and dependent islands (bright orange) (from
Polynesia )
Image 45 Image of the
Castle Bravo nuclear test, detonated on 1 March 1954, at
Bikini Atoll (from
Micronesia )
Image 47 A
Melanesian child from
Vanuatu (from
Melanesia )
Image 48 King
Kamehameha I receiving the Russian naval expedition of
Otto von Kotzebue . Drawing by
Louis Choris in 1816. (from
Polynesia )
Image 49 Outline of sovereign (dark orange) and dependent islands (bright orange) (from
Melanesia )
Image 50 Polynesian (Hawaiian) navigators sailing multi-hulled
canoe , c. 1781 (from
Polynesia )
Australasia Melanesia Micronesia Polynesia
Adamstown , Pitcairn Islands 6
Alofi , Niue 7
Apia , Samoa
Avarua , Cook Islands 7
Fakaofo , Tokelau 8
Funafuti , Tuvalu
Mata Utu , Wallis and Futuna (de facto)2
Nukuʻalofa , Tonga
Pago Pago , American Samoa 4
Papeete , French Polynesia 2
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