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Prime Minister of Canada

"Premier of Canada" redirects here. For a list of prime ministers of Canada, see List of prime ministers of Canada. For provincial and territorial heads of government, see Premier (Canada).

Prime Minister of Canada
Premier ministre du Canada
Incumbent
Mark Carney
since March 14, 2025
Government of Canada
Privy Council Office
Style
AbbreviationPM
Member of
Reports toHouse of Commons
Residence24 Sussex Drive[note 2]
SeatOffice of the Prime Minister and Privy Council building
AppointerMonarch (represented by the governor general)[3]
with the confidence of the House of Commons[4]
Term lengthAt His Majesty's pleasure
Constituting instrumentNone (constitutional convention)
Inaugural holderJohn A. Macdonald
FormationJuly 1, 1867
DeputyDeputy Prime Minister
Salary$406,200 (2024)[5]
Websitewww.pm.gc.ca Edit this at Wikidata

The prime minister of Canada (French: premier ministre du Canada)[note 3] is the head of government of Canada. Under the Westminster system, the prime minister governs with the confidence of a majority of the elected House of Commons; as such, the prime minister typically sits as a member of Parliament (MP) and leads the largest party or a coalition of parties. As first minister, the prime minister selects ministers to form the Cabinet.

Not outlined in any constitutional document, the prime minister is appointed by the monarch's representative, the governor general, and the office exists per long-established convention. Constitutionally, executive authority is vested in the monarch (who is the head of state), but the powers of the monarch and governor general are nearly always exercised on the advice of the Cabinet,[6] which is collectively responsible to the House of Commons. Canadian prime ministers are appointed to the Privy Council and styled as the Right Honourable (French: le très honorable),[note 4] a privilege maintained for life.

The prime minister is supported by the Prime Minister's Office and heads the Privy Council Office.[7] The prime minister also selects individuals for appointment as governor general (in the federal jurisdiction) and lieutenant governor (in the provinces), as well as to the Senate of Canada, Supreme Court of Canada, other federal courts, and the chairs and boards of various Crown corporations.

Since Confederation in 1867, 24 prime ministers (twenty-three men and one woman) have formed 30 ministries.[8] Mark Carney, the current prime minister, took office on March 14, 2025, following the resignation of Justin Trudeau.


Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).

  1. ^ a b Heritage, Canadian (October 16, 2017). "Styles of address". aem. Retrieved March 6, 2021.
  2. ^ "The Canadian Parliamentary system – Our Procedure – House of Commons". www.ourcommons.ca. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  3. ^ "Constitutional Duties". The Governor General of Canada. Archived from the original on April 23, 2020. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  4. ^ "House of Commons Procedure and Practice – 1. Parliamentary Institutions – Canadian Parliamentary Institutions". www.ourcommons.ca. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  5. ^ "Indemnities, Salaries and Allowances". Parliament of Canada. Retrieved September 10, 2024.
  6. ^ Brooks, Stephen (2007). Canadian Democracy: An Introduction (5 ed.). Don Mills: Oxford University Press. pp. 233–234. ISBN 978-0-19-543103-2.
  7. ^ "Privy Council Office". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  8. ^ "Prime Ministers of Canada". Library of the Canadian Parliament. Retrieved February 26, 2023.

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