Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll

Princess Louise
Duchess of Argyll (more)
Princess Louise in 1881
Born	(1848-03-18)18 March 1848 Buckingham Palace, London, United Kingdom
Died	3 December 1939(1939-12-03) (aged 91) Kensington Palace, London, United Kingdom
Burial	12 December 1939 Royal Vault, St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle 13 March 1940 Royal Burial Ground, Frogmore
Spouse	John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll ​ ​ (m. 1871; died 1914)​
Names Louisa Caroline Alberta
House	Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (until 1917) Windsor (from 1917)
Father	Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Mother	Queen Victoria
Signature
Viceregal consort of Canada
In role 25 November 1878 – 23 October 1883
Monarch	Victoria
Governor General	John Campbell, Marquess of Lorne
Preceded by	Hariot Rowan-Hamilton
Succeeded by	Lady Maud Hamilton

Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll (Louisa Caroline Alberta; 18 March 1848 – 3 December 1939) was the sixth child and fourth daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.

In her public life, she was a strong proponent of the arts and higher education and of the feminist cause. She was an influential supporter of the Edinburgh College of Domestic Science, the forerunner to Queen Margaret University, becoming the institution’s first Patron in 1891 until 1939. Her early life was spent moving among the various royal residences in the company of her family. When her father died in December 1861, the court went into a long period of mourning, to which with time Louise became unsympathetic. She was an able sculptor and artist, and several of her sculptures remain today. She was also a supporter of the feminist movement, corresponding with Josephine Butler, and visiting Elizabeth Garrett.

Before her marriage, Louise served as an unofficial secretary to the Queen from 1866 to 1871. The question of Louise's marriage was discussed in the late 1860s. Suitors from the royal houses of Prussia and Denmark were suggested, but Victoria did not want her to marry a foreign prince, and therefore suggested a high-ranking member of the British aristocracy. Despite opposition from members of the royal family, Louise fell in love with John Campbell, Marquess of Lorne, the heir of the Duke of Argyll. Victoria consented to the marriage,^[1] which took place on 21 March 1871.^[2] After a happy beginning, the two drifted apart, possibly because of their childlessness and the Queen's constraints on their activities.^[3]

In 1878, Lorne was appointed Governor General of Canada, a post he held 1878–1884. Louise was viceregal consort, starting a lasting interest in Canada. Her names were used to name many features in Canada, including Lake Louise and the province of Alberta. Following her mother's death in 1901, she entered the social circle established by her elder brother, the new king, Edward VII. Louise's marriage with Lorne survived thanks to long periods of separation; they reconciled in 1911, and Louise was devastated by Lorne's death in 1914. After the First World War she began to retire from public life, undertaking few public duties outside Kensington Palace, where she died at the age of 91.