Project 2025

Project 2025
Established2022
PurposeReshape the U.S. federal government to support the agenda of next Republican president
Location
Director
Paul Dans
Main organ
Mandate for Leadership
Parent organization
The Heritage Foundation
Budget
$22 million[1]
Websitewww.project2025.org Edit this at Wikidata

Project 2025 is a collection of conservative and right-wing policy proposals from the Heritage Foundation to reshape the United States federal government and consolidate executive power should the Republican nominee, presumably Donald Trump, win the 2024 presidential election.[2][3] The Project asserts that the entire executive branch is under the direct control of the president under Article II of the U.S. Constitution and unitary executive theory.[4][5] It proposes reclassifying tens of thousands of federal civil service workers as political appointees in order to replace them with loyalists more willing to enable the next Republican president's policies.[6] The Project seeks to infuse the government and society with Christian values.[7][8] Proponents have framed the plan as a means to dismantle a supposed vast, unaccountable government bureaucracy.[9] Critics have characterized Project 2025 as an authoritarian, Christian nationalist plan to transform the U.S. into an autocracy.[10][7] Many legal experts have said it would undermine the rule of law,[11] the separation of powers,[3] the separation of church and state,[12] and civil liberties,[3][11][13] including the civil rights of women, persons of color, and the LGBTQ community.[14]

Project 2025 envisions widespread changes to the government, particularly economic and social policies and the role of the federal government and its agencies. The plan proposes taking partisan control of the Department of Justice (DOJ), the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Department of Commerce, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), dismantling the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and sharply reducing environmental and climate change regulations to favor fossil fuel production.[11][15] In addition to trying to undo "most everything implemented" during the Biden administration,[16] the blueprint seeks to institute tax cuts,[17] though its writers disagree on the wisdom of protectionism.[18] Project 2025 recommends abolishing the Department of Education, whose programs would be either transferred to other agencies or terminated.[19][20] Funding for climate research would be cut and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) would be reformed according to conservative principles.[21][22] The project seeks to cut funding for Medicare and Medicaid[23][24] and urges the government to explicitly reject abortion as health care.[25][26] The project states that life begins at conception[23] and seeks to eliminate coverage of emergency contraception under the Affordable Care Act[23] and enforce the Comstock Act to prosecute those who send and receive contraceptives and abortion pills nationwide.[26][27] It proposes criminalizing pornography,[28] removing legal protections against discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity,[28][29] and terminating diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs[3][29] and affirmative action[30] by having the DOJ prosecute "anti-white racism."[31] The project recommends the arrest, detention, and deportation of undocumented immigrants living in the U.S. by using the military to capture and place them in internment camps.[32][33] The Project proposes deploying the military for domestic law enforcement.[34] It promotes capital punishment and the speedy "finality" of those sentences.[35][36]

Some conservatives and Republicans have criticized the plan for its stance on climate change[37] and foreign trade.[18] Other critics believe Project 2025 is rhetorical "window-dressing" for what would be four years of personal vengeance at any cost.[9] The project's authors acknowledge that most of the proposals would require the Republican Party to control both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate.[9] Some aspects of the plan have recently been ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court and would face court challenges, while others are norm-breaking proposals that might survive court challenges.[38]

Although Project 2025 cannot, by law, promote a specific presidential candidate, many contributors have close ties to Donald Trump and his 2024 presidential campaign.[39][40] The Heritage Foundation, a think tank closely-aligned with Trump,[41][42][43] coordinates the initiative with various conservative groups run by Trump allies.[44] The Trump campaign initially said the project aligned well with its Agenda 47 proposals,[45] and in April 2024, Project 2025 senior advisor John McEntee stated that they and the Trump campaign planned to "integrate a lot of our work" by summer.[46] However, the project's controversial proposals increasingly caused friction with the Trump campaign.[47] On July 5, 2024, Trump publicly distanced himself from Project 2025.[48][49][50] This came days after Heritage Foundation President Kevin Roberts suggested in an interview that there would be a second American Revolution, which was criticized by Democrats and others for containing what they viewed as a veiled threat of violence.[51][52] The project has employed warlike rhetoric and apocalyptic language[53] in describing a "battle plan" to regain control of the government.[a]

  1. ^ Swan, Jonathan (December 1, 2023). "Paleoconservative or Moderate? Questions for Staffing the Next G.O.P. White House". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 2, 2023. Retrieved December 2, 2023.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference Haberman, Savage & Swan 2023 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ a b c d e Mascaro, Lisa (August 29, 2023). "Conservative Groups Draw Up Plan to Dismantle the US Government and Replace It with Trump's Vision". Associated Press. Archived from the original on September 22, 2023. Retrieved September 21, 2023.
  4. ^ Wendling, Mike (July 7, 2024). "Project 2025: A wish list for a Trump presidency, explained". BBC.
  5. ^ Driesen, David (July 9, 2024). "The Unitary Executive Theory in Comparative Context". UC Law.
  6. ^ Logan, Nick (June 27, 2024). "You may hear Project 2025 during the U.S. presidential election campaign. What is that?". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. The Heritage Foundation, the influential group behind Project 2025, has laid out sweeping reforms of virtually every aspect of government, including a plan that critics warn will line the public service with employees loyal to a Republican commander-in-chief, as well as providing an ultra-conservative framework for policies.
  7. ^ a b Ward, Alexander; Przybyla, Heidi (February 20, 2024). "Trump Allies Prepare to Infuse 'Christian Nationalism' in Second Administration". Politico. Archived from the original on February 24, 2024. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
  8. ^ Swenson, Ali (July 3, 2024). "A conservative leading the pro-Trump Project 2025 suggests there will be a new American Revolution". Associated Press.
  9. ^ a b c Hirsh, Michael (September 19, 2023). "Inside the Next Republican Revolution". Politico. Archived from the original on November 6, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2023.
  10. ^ Corn, David (September 14, 2023). "How Right-Wing Groups Are Plotting to Implement Trump's Authoritarianism". Mother Jones. Archived from the original on September 21, 2023. Retrieved September 21, 2023.
  11. ^ a b c Stone, Peter (November 22, 2023). "'Openly Authoritarian Campaign': Trump's Threats of Revenge Fuel Alarm". The Guardian. Archived from the original on November 27, 2023. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
  12. ^ Ben-Ghiat, Ruth (May 16, 2024). "The Permanent Counterrevolution". The New Republic. Archived from the original on June 7, 2024. Retrieved June 13, 2024.
  13. ^ Cite error: The named reference Larson-2024 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  14. ^ Baker, Carrie (March 8, 2024). "Project 2025: The Right's Dystopian Plan to Dismantle Civil Rights and What It Means for Women". Ms. Magazine. Archived from the original on March 16, 2024. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  15. ^ Bob Ortega; Kyung Lah; Allison Gordon; Nelli Black (April 27, 2024). "What Trump's war on the 'Deep State' could mean: 'An army of suck-ups'". CNN. Archived from the original on April 28, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024. Project 2025's blueprint envisions dismantling the Department of Homeland Security and the FBI; disarming the Environmental Protection Agency by loosening or eliminating emissions and climate-change regulations; eliminating the Departments of Education and Commerce in their entirety.
  16. ^ Logan, Nick (June 27, 2024). "You may hear Project 2025 during the U.S. presidential election campaign. What is that?". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Its stated goal is to undo most everything implemented in the previous four years of U.S. President Joe Biden's administration.
  17. ^ Cite error: The named reference Cranston-2024 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  18. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference The Economist-2023 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  19. ^ Cite error: The named reference Stone-2024 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  20. ^ Cite error: The named reference Schofield-2025 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  21. ^ Cite error: The named reference Skibell-2024 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  22. ^ Schumacher, Erin (May 27, 2024). "Biden's got a plan to protect science from Trump". Politico. Archived from the original on June 13, 2024. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
  23. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference Barron-Lopez-2024 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  24. ^ Cite error: The named reference Park-2024 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  25. ^ Miranda, Shauneen (March 2, 2024). "'Department of Life': Trump allies plot abortion crackdown for second term". Axios. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  26. ^ a b Miranda Ollstein, Alice (January 29, 2024). "The Anti-Abortion Plan Ready for Trump on Day One". Politico. Archived from the original on February 3, 2024. Retrieved February 11, 2024.
  27. ^ Cite error: The named reference Yang-Zahn-March242024 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  28. ^ a b Pengelly, Martin (September 15, 2023). "US Hard-Right Policy Group Condemned for 'Dehumanising' Anti-LGBTQ+ Rhetoric". The Guardian. Archived from the original on September 15, 2023. Retrieved September 15, 2023.
  29. ^ a b Barrón-López, Laura; Popat, Shrai (March 27, 2024). "How a second Trump presidency could impact the LGBTQ+ community". PBS NewsHour. Archived from the original on June 13, 2024. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
  30. ^ Tensley, Brandon (April 25, 2024). "'Project 2025' and the Movement That Could Erode Black Equality". Capital B. Archived from the original on May 14, 2024. Retrieved May 14, 2024 – via Yahoo! News.
  31. ^ Cite error: The named reference Thompson-May142024 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  32. ^ Brownstein, Ronald (February 8, 2024). "Trump's 'Knock on the Door'". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on February 10, 2024. Retrieved February 11, 2024.
  33. ^ Savage, Charlie; Haberman, Maggue; Swan, Jonathan (November 11, 2023). "Sweeping Raids, Giant Camps and Mass Deportations: Inside Trump's 2025 Immigration Plans". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 5, 2024.
  34. ^ Arnsdorf, Isaac; Barrett, Devlin; Dawsey, Josh (November 5, 2023). "Trump and Allies Plot Revenge, Justice Department Control in a Second Term". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 5, 2023. Retrieved November 5, 2023.
  35. ^ Cite error: The named reference Sarat-2024 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  36. ^ Bob Ortega; Kyung Lah; Allison Gordon; Nelli Black (April 27, 2024). "What Trump's war on the 'Deep State' could mean: 'An army of suck-ups'". CNN. Archived from the original on April 28, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024. [Jeffrey] Clark also helped draft portions of the Project 2025 blueprint for a second Trump term, including outlining the use of the Insurrection Act of 1807 to deploy the military for domestic law enforcement, as first reported by the Washington Post.
  37. ^ a b Friedman, Lisa (August 4, 2023). "A Republican 2024 Climate Strategy: More Drilling, Less Clean Energy". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 9, 2023. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  38. ^ Cite error: The named reference Holmes 2023 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  39. ^ Klawans, Justin (February 26, 2024). "The Heritage Foundation's Project 2025 wants to reshape America under Trump". The Week. Archived from the original on May 15, 2024. Retrieved May 16, 2024.
  40. ^ Doyle, Katherine (November 17, 2023). "Donations Have Surged to Groups Linked to Conservative Project 2025". NBC News. Archived from the original on November 18, 2023. Retrieved November 18, 2023.
  41. ^ Treene, Alayna; Contorno, Steve; Sullivan, Kate (July 5, 2024). "Trump seeks to distance himself from pro-Trump Project 2025 | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved July 6, 2024.
  42. ^ "Trump seeks to distance himself from Project 2025, a plan to transform government". ABC7 Los Angeles. July 8, 2024. Retrieved July 9, 2024.
  43. ^ Contorno, Steve (May 15, 2024). "Trump's playboy past is in the spotlight. His allies are readying a new fight against pornography | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved July 9, 2024.
  44. ^ Ward, Alexander; Przybyla, Heidi (February 20, 2024). "Trump Allies Prepare to Infuse 'Christian Nationalism' in Second Administration". Politico. Archived from the original on February 24, 2024. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
  45. ^ Hirsh, Michael (September 19, 2023). "Inside the Next Republican Revolution". Politico. Archived from the original on November 6, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2023.
  46. ^ Allen, Mike; Basu, Zachary (July 5, 2024). "Trump disavows Heritage Foundation's Project 2025, despite MAGA ties". Axios. Archived from the original on July 5, 2024. Retrieved July 5, 2024.
  47. ^ Bump, Philip (June 18, 2024). "Trump has unveiled an agenda of his own. He just doesn't mention it much". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 28, 2024. Retrieved June 25, 2024.
  48. ^ Gleeson, Cailey (July 5, 2024). "Trump Disavows Project 2025: Calls Some Of Conservative Group's Ideas 'Absolutely Ridiculous And Abysmal'". Forbes. Retrieved July 9, 2024. Former President Donald Trump distanced himself on Friday from Project 2025—a controversial package of conservative policy ideas by the Heritage Foundation
  49. ^ Licon, Adriana Gomez (July 5, 2024). "Biden assails Project 2025, a plan to transform government, and Trump's claim to be unaware of it". AP News. Retrieved July 8, 2024. Donald Trump has distanced himself from Project 2025, a massive proposed overhaul of the federal government drafted by longtime allies and former officials in his administration, days after the head of the think tank responsible for the program suggested there would be a second American Revolution.
  50. ^ Allen, Mike; Basu, Zachary (July 5, 2024). "Trump disavows Heritage Foundation's Project 2025, despite MAGA ties". Axios. Archived from the original on July 5, 2024. Retrieved July 5, 2024.
  51. ^ Layne, Nathan (July 5, 2024). "Trump seeks to disavow 'Project 2025' despite ties to conservative group". Reuters. Trump's post came three days after Heritage Foundation president Kevin Roberts' comments on Steve Bannon's 'War Room' podcast about a second American Revolution. Democrats and others criticized what they viewed as a veiled threat of violence.
  52. ^ "Leader of the pro-Trump Project 2025 suggests there will be a new American Revolution: Kevin Roberts said the revolution will be bloodless 'if the left allows it to be.'". Associated Press. July 4, 2024 – via Politico. His call for revolution and vague reference to violence also unnerved some Democrats who interpreted it as threatening.
  53. ^ Mascaro, Lisa (August 29, 2023). "Conservative Groups Draw Up Plan to Dismantle the US Government and Replace It with Trump's Vision". Associated Press News. Archived from the original on September 22, 2023. Retrieved September 21, 2023.
  54. ^ Luciano, Michael (July 2, 2024). "Conservative Leader Issues Cryptic Threat to Liberals, Says 'Second American Revolution' Will Be 'Bloodless If the Left Allows It to Be'". Mediaite. we are in the process of the second American Revolution, which will remain bloodless if the left allows it to be.
  55. ^ Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  56. ^ Gira Grant, Melissa (January 4, 2024). "The Right Is Winning Its War on Schools". The New Republic. Archived from the original on January 13, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2024. "systematically preparing to march into office and bring a new army, [of] aligned, trained, and essentially weaponized conservatives ready to do battle against the deep state."
  57. ^ "Leader of the pro-Trump Project 2025 suggests there will be a new American Revolution: Kevin Roberts said the revolution will be bloodless "if the left allows it to be."". Associated Press. July 4, 2024 – via Politico. His call for revolution and vague reference to violence also unnerved some Democrats who interpreted it as threatening.


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