Prostate

Prostate
Details
Precursor	Endodermic evaginations of the urethra, urogenital sinus
System	Male reproductive system
Artery	Internal pudendal artery, inferior vesical artery, and middle rectal artery
Vein	Prostatic venous plexus, pudendal plexus, vesical plexus, internal iliac vein
Nerve	Inferior hypogastric plexus
Lymph	Internal iliac lymph nodes
Identifiers
Latin	prostata
Greek	προστάτης
MeSH	D011467
TA98	A09.3.08.001
TA2	3637
FMA	9600
Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

The prostate (/ˈprɒs.teɪt/)^[1] is both an accessory gland of the male reproductive system and a muscle-driven mechanical switch between urination and ejaculation. It is found in all male mammals.^[2] It differs between species anatomically, chemically, and physiologically. Anatomically, the prostate is found below the bladder, with the urethra passing through it. It is described in gross anatomy as consisting of lobes and in microanatomy by zone. It is surrounded by an elastic, fibromuscular capsule and contains glandular tissue, as well as connective tissue.

The prostate produces and contains fluid that forms part of semen, the substance emitted during ejaculation as part of the male sexual response. This prostatic fluid is slightly alkaline, milky or white in appearance. The alkalinity of semen helps neutralize the acidity of the vaginal tract, prolonging the lifespan of sperm. The prostatic fluid is expelled in the first part of ejaculate, together with most of the sperm, because of the action of smooth muscle tissue within the prostate. In comparison with the few spermatozoa expelled together with mainly seminal vesicular fluid, those in prostatic fluid have better motility, longer survival, and better protection of genetic material.

Disorders of the prostate include enlargement, inflammation, infection, and cancer. The word prostate comes from Ancient Greek προστάτης, prostátēs, meaning "one who stands before", "protector", "guardian", with the term originally used to describe the seminal vesicles.