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Psycho (1960 film)

This article is about the 1960 film. For the 1998 remake, see Psycho (1998 film). For the sequels, see Psycho (franchise).

Psycho
The poster features a large image of a young woman in white underwear. The names of the main actors are featured down the right side of the poster. Smaller images of Anthony Perkins and John Gavin are above the words, written in large print, "Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho".
Theatrical release poster
by Macario Gómez Quibus[1]
Directed byAlfred Hitchcock
Screenplay byJoseph Stefano
Based onPsycho
by Robert Bloch
Produced byAlfred Hitchcock
Starring
CinematographyJohn L. Russell
Edited byGeorge Tomasini
Music byBernard Herrmann
Production
company
Shamley Productions
Distributed byParamount Pictures[N 1]
Release dates
  • June 16, 1960 (1960-06-16) (New York City)[3]
  • September 8, 1960 (1960-09-08) (United States)[4]
Running time
109 minutes
CountryUnited States[5]
LanguageEnglish
Budget$806,947[6]
Box office$50 million[7]

Psycho is a 1960 American horror film produced and directed by Alfred Hitchcock. The screenplay, written by Joseph Stefano, was based on the 1959 novel of the same name by Robert Bloch. The film stars Anthony Perkins, Janet Leigh, Vera Miles, John Gavin, and Martin Balsam. The plot centers on an encounter between on-the-run embezzler Marion Crane (Leigh) and shy motel proprietor Norman Bates (Perkins) and its aftermath, in which a private investigator (Balsam), Marion's lover Sam Loomis (Gavin), and her sister Lila (Miles) investigate her disappearance.[8]

Psycho was seen as a departure from Hitchcock's previous film North by Northwest, as it was filmed on a small budget in black-and-white by the crew of his television series Alfred Hitchcock Presents. Initially, the film divided critics due to its controversial subject matter, but audience interest and outstanding box-office returns prompted a major critical re-evaluation. Psycho was nominated for four Academy Awards, including Best Director for Alfred Hitchcock and Best Supporting Actress for Janet Leigh.

Psycho is now considered one of Hitchcock's best films,[N 2] and is arguably his most famous and influential work.[9] It has been hailed as a major work of cinematic art by international film critics and scholars who praise its slick direction, tense atmosphere, impressive camerawork, memorable score and iconic performances. Often ranked among the greatest films of all time, it set a new level of acceptability for violence, deviant behavior and sexuality in American films,[10] and has been considered to be one of the earliest examples of the slasher film genre.

After Hitchcock's death in 1980, Universal Pictures produced follow-ups: three sequels, a remake, a made-for-television spin-off, and a television series.

In 1992, the Library of Congress deemed the film "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" and selected it for preservation in the United States National Film Registry.[11][12]

  1. ^ "Muere Mac, el mítico cartelista de 'Doctor Zhivago' y 'Psicosis'". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). July 21, 2018. Archived from the original on July 27, 2018. Retrieved August 18, 2018.
  2. ^ "Psycho (1960): Notes". tcm.com. Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference AFI was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Hedrick, Lizzie (September 8, 2015). "8 Reasons Psycho Taps into the Psyche". USC Dornsife. Archived from the original on June 18, 2020. Retrieved June 17, 2020.
  5. ^ "Psycho (1960)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on January 16, 2015. Retrieved December 30, 2014.
  6. ^ "Psycho (1960)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved October 20, 2014.
  7. ^ Nixon, Rob. "The Critics' Corner: PSYCHO". Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on December 30, 2014. Retrieved December 30, 2014.
  8. ^ "Psycho (1960) – Full Synopsis". Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on June 16, 2018. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
  9. ^ "Psycho turns 60 – Hitchcock's famous fright film broke all the rules". The Conversation. June 15, 2020. Archived from the original on December 17, 2020. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
  10. ^ "Psycho reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on March 23, 2010. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
  11. ^ "Complete National Film Registry Listing". Library of Congress. Archived from the original on October 31, 2016. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  12. ^ Marx, Andy; Wharton, Dennis (December 4, 1992). "Diverse pix mix picked". Variety. Archived from the original on August 4, 2020. Retrieved August 4, 2020.


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