Qibya massacre

Operation Shoshana
Operation Shoshana
Part of the Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency and the Israeli reprisal operations
	Palestinian villagers returning to the village of Qibya after the Israeli massacre
	Qibya massacre (Israel)
Location	Qibya, West Bank
Coordinates	31°58′39″N 35°00′35″E / 31.97750°N 35.00972°E
Date	October 14, 1953
Target	Palestinian Arabs
Attack type	Mortar and dynamite attack
Deaths	69 Palestinian civilians
Perpetrators	Israel Defense Forces Unit 101; Ariel Sharon
Motive	Reprisal for the Yehud attack

The Qibya massacre occurred during Operation Shoshana, a reprisal operation that occurred in October 1953 when Israeli troops under Ariel Sharon attacked the village of Qibya in the West Bank, which was then under Jordan's control, and killed Palestinian civilians.

Israeli forces massacred more than sixty-nine Palestinian villagers,^[1] two thirds of which were women and children.^[2] Forty-five houses, a school, and a mosque were destroyed.^[3] The attack followed cross-border raids from the West Bank, and Israel framed the Qibya massacre as a response to the Yehud attack in which an Israeli woman and her two children were killed.^[1]^[4]

The act was condemned by the U.S. State Department, the UN Security Council, and by Jewish communities worldwide.^[5] The State Department described the raid as "shocking" and used the occasion to confirm publicly that economic aid to Israel had been suspended previously, for other non-compliance regarding the 1949 Armistice Agreements.

^ ^a ^b Ganin, Zvi (2005), An Uneasy Relationship: American Jewish Leadership And Israel, 1948–1957, Syracuse University Press, p. 191, ISBN 9780815630517
^ Shlaim, Avi (1999). The Iron Wall. Norton. p. 91. ISBN 0-393-04816-0.
^ Benny Morris, Israel's Border Wars, 1949–1956: Arab Infiltration, Israeli Retaliation and the Countdown to the Suez War, Oxford University Press, 1993, pp. 258–9.
^ Byman, Daniel (2011). A High Price: The Triumphs and Failures of Israeli Counterterrorism. Oxford University Press. p. 22. Retrieved 14 October 2014.
^ Avi Shlaim (2001). The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 91. ISBN 0-393-32112-6. The Qibya massacre unleashed against Israel a storm of international protest of unprecedented severity in the country's short history.

[uneasy-1] Ganin, Zvi (2005), An Uneasy Relationship: American Jewish Leadership And Israel, 1948–1957, Syracuse University Press, p. 191, ISBN 9780815630517

[autogenerated1-2] Shlaim, Avi (1999). The Iron Wall. Norton. p. 91. ISBN 0-393-04816-0.

[Benny_Morris_1993,_pp._258-9-3] Benny Morris, Israel's Border Wars, 1949–1956: Arab Infiltration, Israeli Retaliation and the Countdown to the Suez War, Oxford University Press, 1993, pp. 258–9.

[Oxford_University_Press-4] Byman, Daniel (2011). A High Price: The Triumphs and Failures of Israeli Counterterrorism. Oxford University Press. p. 22. Retrieved 14 October 2014.

[Shlaim-5] Avi Shlaim (2001). The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 91. ISBN 0-393-32112-6. The Qibya massacre unleashed against Israel a storm of international protest of unprecedented severity in the country's short history.

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