Rate of evolution

The rate of evolution is quantified as the speed of genetic or morphological change in a lineage over a period of time. The speed at which a molecular entity (such as a protein, gene, etc.) evolves is of considerable interest in evolutionary biology since determining the evolutionary rate is the first step in characterizing its evolution.^[1] Calculating rates of evolutionary change is also useful when studying phenotypic changes in phylogenetic comparative biology.^[2] In either case, it can be beneficial to consider and compare both genomic (such as DNA sequence) data and paleontological (such as fossil record) data, especially in regards to estimating the timing of divergence events and establishing geological time scales.^[3]

^ Graur, Dan (2016). Molecular and Genome Evolution. Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.: Sinauer Associates, Inc. pp. 107–163. ISBN 9781605354699.
^ Adams, Dean C. (2014-01-31). "Quantifying and Comparing Phylogenetic Evolutionary Rates for Shape and Other High-Dimensional Phenotypic Data". Systematic Biology. 63 (2): 166–177. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syt105. ISSN 1076-836X. PMID 24335426.
^ Kimura, Motoo; Ohta, Tomoko (1971-03-01). "On the rate of molecular evolution". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 1 (1): 1–17. Bibcode:1971JMolE...1....1K. doi:10.1007/BF01659390. ISSN 1432-1432. PMID 5173649. S2CID 30339157.

[:1-1] Graur, Dan (2016). Molecular and Genome Evolution. Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.: Sinauer Associates, Inc. pp. 107–163. ISBN 9781605354699.

[2] Adams, Dean C. (2014-01-31). "Quantifying and Comparing Phylogenetic Evolutionary Rates for Shape and Other High-Dimensional Phenotypic Data". Systematic Biology. 63 (2): 166–177. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syt105. ISSN 1076-836X. PMID 24335426.

[:0-3] Kimura, Motoo; Ohta, Tomoko (1971-03-01). "On the rate of molecular evolution". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 1 (1): 1–17. Bibcode:1971JMolE...1....1K. doi:10.1007/BF01659390. ISSN 1432-1432. PMID 5173649. S2CID 30339157.

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